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MEMOIRS
OF
JOSEPH HOLT.
VOL. I.
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015
https://archive.org/details/memoirsofjosephh01holt_0
piriurft m the possessioYt of Sjx BettaiYX
1 'djn.l eii ijn_ 1758.
7ff>u-iy Colh^ctyu/,3 O-^-Ma.rUorovi^'/o Street .
M E ivr O I K s
oi'
JOS E p n H o E r,
GENERAL OF THE TRISfl REBELS, IN 1798,
EDITED
jTi'om (JDn'gutal piamisifiTpt,
IN THE POSSESSION OP SIR WILLIAM BETIIAM,
UI.STFR KINO-AT AUMS OF AI,L TRELAND, KEEPER OF THE RECORDS OF IREI,A1«D, ETC,
BY
T. CROFTON CROKER, ESQ.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. I.
“All have heard, sure, of Vinegar Hill,
Likewise of the battle of Tara,
Of General Holt and his men With their guns they call tanta-ra-ra-ra.”
Popular Song.
LONDON :
HENRY COLBURN, U B L f S II E R,
13, GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET.
1838.
Y. 1
LONDON :
PRINTED BY STEWART AND MURRAY, OLD BAILEY.
PREFACE.
The reasons which led to printing, in this coun- try, the memoirs of Theobald Wolfe Tone, are the same which induce the publisher to submit to the public the memoirs of Joseph Holt; in the first place, as presenting “ a most curious and characteristic piece of auto-biography,” and in the second, as calculated to gratify the general desire for information on the affairs of Ireland.
“ The famous chieftain. Holt,” as the writer of these volumes is termed in the Annual Regis- ter for 1798, was perhaps the most enterprizing
VI
IMJ EFACE.
and distinguished leader of the Irish rebels in the held, and under rather singular circum- stances. Few, if any, of the original projectors of the rebellion of 1798, the men who laid the foundation of that event, were actors in the warfare which followed the development of their revolutionary speculations; most of the early conspirators were arrested either before or immediately upon the out-burst of aetual hostili- ties, and their places were supplied by weak, ambitious, and irresolute men, who soon found themselves supplanted by fanatics and cowards.
If the leaders of the business^' Holt has remarked, in conversation with Sir William Betham, “ were not fanatics, fools, or cowards, how could it have come pass that an almost un- educated man like myself should have obtained so much influence as to become a commander over thirteen thousand men, most of whom hated the Protestant religion, which I had been brought up in and always professed?”
Against the latter part of this statement it may be urged, that so far from the rebellion of 1798, being a Roman Catholic conspiracy to
PREFACE.
VII
overthrow the Protestant Church, that a majority of Protestants were engaged as leaders in it» particularly at the commencement, and that they were in fact the persons with whom the design originated; but I believe it will be found upon investigation, that these men, although nominally Protestants, that is, of Protestant descent or connexions, were actually either Deists or Atheists, like the Jacobins of France, whose proceedings had inflamed the imagina- tions of irreligious men, with a desire to see a new order of things. But at the period when Holt became connected with the Irish rebels, there can be no question that the grand bond of union which held them together was the Roman Catholic religion, and that they were engaged in a confederacy against all within what was regarded the heretical pale of the Protestant Church.
Holt, however, possessed many of the qualifi- cations necessary to form a great commander. He was a man of keen observation, extraordinary physical energy, and cool and undaunted cou rage; with a mind fertile in expedient at the
PREFACE.
Vlii
critical moment ol’ impending danger. These traits in his character, especially when con- trasted with the want of thought, the alarm and the indecision of other rebel leaders, inspired respect and confidence in him ; and his humanity and love of justice made Holt admired and esteemed by those under him, of whom he con- sidered himself as the natural protector. His orders were therefore implicitly obeyed, and generally with cheerful alacrity, by men, who, while they detested his creed, loved the in- dividual even before the ministers of their own religion.
It was the possession of these superior quali- ties— for Holt’s acts were his own, he had no instructor; added to his strict enforcement of discipline, and attention to the comforts and wants of his men, that enabled him, as the leader of a war of mountain skirmishes, to defy for six months the united efforts of the Royal Army, and the numerous corps of yeomanry in an area of little more than twenty miles square, within thirty miles of Dublin at its further, and eight or ten at its nearest point of approach-
Pin: FAC i:.
IX
Nor was this by skulking in the wild and se- cluded districts of bog and mountain which the county of Wicklow presents, a county, the ap- pearance whereof was most happily compared by Dean Swift to a frieze mantle fringed with gold lace. Holtfrequently came in contact with detach- ments of the army sent against him, and seldom shunned an engagement. In one instance, by the melancholy slaughter of a large body of the “ Ancient Britons,” he executed what in military parlance would be termed a brilliant affair, and when Holt was beaten or out-numbered, he generally contrived to effect his retreat without any serious loss. On one occasion, in particular, when he was supposed to be surrounded by the King’s troops. Holt retired with his corps un- broken.
According to his own statement. Holt became a rebel against his inclination, and having be- come one, he was the more formidable because he was honest and faithful to his engagement. He proudly asserts, that he never gave information or betrayed his companions, and further says, that he twice rejected an offer made to him on
X
PREFACE.
the part of Government, of a command against his former followers and associates. Holt also boasts that he never committed an act of wan- ton cruelty, nor was guilty of murder in cold blood ; and his detestation of robbery is shewn by his having denounced to the officer com- manding the King’s troops a gang of robbers who had laid the country under contribution in Holt’s name. In short, Holt represents himself as a terrible enemy, but a generous and humane conqueror, who was unwilling to spill blood in savage retaliation, or to allow it to be shed for revenge, and who, on all occasions restrained unnecessary plunder. Although somewhat given to be a fatalist. Holt appears to have been a sincerely religious man, and to have fervently believed in the superintending providence and protection of the Almighty, a sentiment which seems to have been ever uppermost in his mind, and to have cheered and supported him through his extraordinary trials.
In following his narrative it will be perceived that his belief was not without some grounds of evidence ; many hair-breadth escapes were oc-
I’R KKACli.
XI
casioned by his uneasy dreams when in im- minent danger, and there is an apparent inter- position of Providence in his escape from an Ignominious death. Religious and moral reflec- tions are of constant occurrence in Holt’s account of his adventures, and even the pious phraseology sometimes used by him, and short attempts at hymn-like versification, are indica- tions of the character of the man.
Holt was probably unjustly denounced as an United Irishman by the friends of some of the many culprits he had apprehended and brought to justice. In times of civil convulsion and re- bellion, private malice often suggests guilt, and the suggestion brings the consequences of actual culpability on the innocent. This might have been the case with respect to Holt ; unless, in- deed, that, having heard of the meditated insur- rection, “he felt a mysterious call that way;” which, however, does not appear likely, taking into account Holt’s circumstances as well as the tone of his mind.
Considering the period, and admitting that Holt had been unjustly denounced as an
Xll
PREFACE.
United Irishman, he shrewdly calculated his position when he says, that by joining the rebels he had a chance of escape, but by submitting to the enemies who had burned his house and destroyed his property, on a false accusation, nothing but certain destruction awaited him.
The accusation made by Holt against a gen- tleman of fortune and rank, whose injustice and oppression, he would have it believed, drove him into rebellion, is, perhaps, much exaggerated, and probably the entire affair is misrepresented; but we may fairly imagine that some quarrel which existed between the parties made the in- dividual alluded to, more credulous, than he might or would have been at a different and less critical period, of any assertion respecting the treasonable intentions of Holt; and, therefore, it is possible that Holt’s house may have been burned upon very slight grounds for suspicion. The parties are now gone to their account, where both cease to trouble and are at rest, and although, as the editor of Holt’s memoirs, I could not refrain from giving his own statement cor- rectly, the omission of the name will, I trust, be
FREFACb:.
xn
an evidence of my wish to veil, as far as possible, the occurrence. Great, indeed, should be the allowance made for the excitement and irritation in Ireland of the year 1798 ; all statements rela- tive to which should be received with the utmost caution, though nothing can be too horrible for belief. There can be no doubt that much in- justice and cruelty were perpetrated on very slight testimony, and often on mere rumour, by persons who, in peaceable times, would have shuddered with revolting disgust at the mere contemplation ; so do times and circumstances change not only the complexion of things, but the very nature of man.
Long after the hopes of success of the United Irishmen had been dissipated, Holt supported himself in the Wicklow mountains ; at last, after many almost miraculous escapes, he succeeded in obtaining terms, through the negotiation of Mrs. Latouche with Lord Powerscourt, to whom he surrendered himself on the 10th November, 1798. Holt’s life was secured to him on condition of transportation to New South Wales, where, having conducted himself well, he obtained a
XIV
PKEFAC’E.
free pardon, and returned to Ireland. During Ins latter years he lived in apparent comfort and respectability at Kingstown, near Dublin, and died there on the IGth May, 1826.
In the Dublin and London Magazine for July, 1826, the following notice of Holt occurs : —
‘‘ This insurrectionary chieftain has at length gone ' to the house appointed for all living.’ He had been residing in New Dunleary, or Kingstown, for nearly the last seven years, and had succeeded in gaining the friendship or good- will of most of his neighbours ; there were a few, to be sure, whom no concession, no care on his part, could thoroughly soften. The men of the old ascendancy school, the deeply dyed ‘ true-blues,’ could never forget the General’s earlier trans- gressions. His subsequent good conduct and peaceable demeanour could never, in their eyes, atone for the past. This unmitigated spirit of hostility seriously annoyed poor Holt, for it was his wish to be on friendly terms with all.
“ 1 first met him soon after his arrival at Dun- leary. He had been engaged in Dublin for a short time in the public business, but the noise
PREFACE.
XV
and contusion attending such a trade disturbed him. He was getting old, and, as he told me, he was now anxious for rest and retirement. He said he had secured a sufficiency for the re- mainder of his days, emphatically adding, that though it came from Botany Bay, It had been fairly and honourably earned.
‘‘ I was eager to hear from him something of his exploits in ninety-eight. He said there were many of those transactions that he did not like to dwell on. He had done many things in the heat of passion that he afterwards bitterly repented of. He was like many other well- meaning ineWy forced to become a rebel, against his better judgment and inclination. Holt was a substantial farmer in the county of Wicklow, he dealt largely in wool ; he was a Protestant, and, for a time, barony constable, a post seldom filled by men of questionable loyalty. He was a man of good heart, and of liberal principles ; he could not join his Orange neighbours in in- sulting or injuring those who held another creed. He was constantly the humble advocate of his Catholic brethren, and this, in the eyes of the
XVI
PREFACE.
ultras, was a sort of apostacy, it was worse than the sin of popery itself. He, consequently, be- came what was then called a marked man. He was cursed with an over-loyal squireen for a neighbour. This little tyrant annoyed him in various ways ; he denounced Holt as one of the disaffected, and at length, when the rebellion broke out, he proceeded with a troop of yeo- manry to his dwelling for the purpose of arrest- ing him. The latter was away at Carnew on business ; the women fled as they saw their old enemy approaching, not calculating much on his forbearance, and the loyal band, after searching the place, found a few letters, which they con- strued into treason. They instantly set fire to the house, and Holt on his return home found but a heap of ashes, where he had so recently left a comfortable farm house and a large hag- gard of corn.”
The history of Holt is still kept alive in the memory of the Trish peasantry by various popu- lar songs, especially one entitled ‘"The Victim of Tyranny,” which thus commences : —
XVll
PREFAf’K.
I had a tyrant landlord, base,
Who saw my heart to Erin yearned,
He to the ground my Cot did raze.
And fired my substance dearly earned. Unmoved, remorseless, he beheld My Cottage falling, as it burned ;
His savage band insulting yelled.
Nor from their deed of ruin turned."
All that has been hitherto advanced, places Holt’s character in its most favourable light, and it now becomes the editor’s duty to ac- knowledge that his Hero, estimating him by his own statements, was an exceedingly vain man, and the consequence is, that he often inflates facts into nearly that extreme state of expansion, that the slightest attack from the lance of an assailant is formidable as to the buoyancy of Holt’s veracity. It is impossible, for instance, to believe that three hundred and seventy of the Royal troops were slaughtered by Holt’s rebel band at Ballyellis, in less than twenty minutes, although there can be no doubt that this surprise was well managed on the part of the rebels, and that Sir Watkin Wynne’s corps sustained a serious loss. Neither
VOL. I.
a
XVlll
PREFACE.
is there any doubt that a discussion occurred between Lord Strangford, and Admiral (the late Sir JManley) Dixon, respecting the condemna- tion of the Nannina, an American vessel, which had been seized by an English brig-of-war, at the Falkland Islands, in the act of rendering assistance to shipwrecked ^British subjects ; but that the American, Spanish, Dutch, and French ministers were parties to this question, could scarcely be credited, whether Lord Strangford had done me the favour or not of placing this point beyond dispute.
Holt is also very free of his abuse, which is vented in a vein of vulgar satirical humour, against all with whom he happens to differ, and his irritable temper betrays itself in many quaint impertinences. To the editor it has been a most painful duty to preserve these ebullitions of Holt’s feeling towards individuals, but it was impossible to omit passages so cha- racteristic of the man.
The aspersion of the conduct of Major Foveaux by Holt, is so extremely gross in every particular, and Holt, upon all occasions, men-
PHEFACE.
XIX
tions the name of that officer with so much evi- dent malice, that the editor hesitated whether he should not expunge the name, and suppress the passages in question. He at length deter- mined that Holt’s defamation should stand, feeling satisfied that the vindictive spirit which animated Major Foveaux’s accuser would be the best answer to assertions which Holt had taken every opportunity of disseminating, and that insinuation or suppression is always worse than direct accusation. Had Holt’s abuse of Major Foveaux been expressed in less decided terms than those of profligate, tyrant, and mur- derer, his statements might have obtained that credence which it is now impossible to give them.
Remarks of a similar tendency may be made with reference to other individuals.
If as an impartial editor, I am bound to make what in Ireland is called “ a clean beast of it,” I must say that in many cases, notwith- standing the honest pains that I have taken to support every statement of Holt’s by quotations from respectable authorities, there is an evident over-colouring in his Memoirs, and that they
a 2
XX
EFACK.
nuist be received with due allowance as an ex- parte statement. That Holt has suppressed certain passages in his life, I have not the slightest doubt, having in particular reason for believing that he did give information to Go- vernment when in the Cove of Cork, of the existence of an important conspiracy among the United Irishmen of the Southern districts ; and further, that this information was given at his interview with General Meyers, and Sir Charles Ross, which he has so minutely de- tailed. But notwithstanding this, and no doubt other similar omissions, and the exaggeration of various points, which add to, as the omissions noticed would detract from, the romance of Holt’s narrative, I am inclined to believe that his Memoirs are substantially correct, and con- vey accurately enough, to use a painter’s term, ‘‘ the general effect” of his character, and no unfair idea of the eventful times in which he lived, and was a distinguished actor.
However, with all the blemishes in Holt’s character, he was calculated to have made an extraordinary figure in the history of his — I
IMiEFACi:.
XXI
may say of our times, if he had been of a dif- ferent grade of society, and a man of education. Had Holt been in the British army, and in a situation to improve his mind, and acquire in- formation and polish, he would most likely have risen to eminence.
Of Holt’s personal appearance, the portrait prefixed to this volume willconvey a correct idea. His height was about five feet ten inches ; he was extremely well made, of compact muscle, and remarkably athletic and vigorous. Holt’s hair was black, and his eye-brows heavy and bushy; his eyes were dark and penetrating, but rather small. His nose was of that class usually termed Roman, his forehead was finely developed, and his face well proportioned and intellectual. He wore his beard under his chin, shaving only the prominent parts, and this fashion appears to have been a distinguishing mark of the fraternity of United Irishmen. Holt had the power of readily assuming a com- manding or determined look, but there was nothing ferocious in it or in his appearance ; and his smile was one beaming with benevo-
XXll
PREFACE.
lence. His whole appearance was likely to gain submission, as determined resolution was stamped on his countenance. In his manners he was simple and unaffected.
The manuscript of these volumes was pro- cured by Sir William Betharn, from Joseph Harrison Holt, the son of the writer, not long after his father’s death, when young Holt sold his little property at Kingstown, and proceeded with his family to New South Wales, to join his elder brother, and to endeavour to recover the hundred acres of land there, which he said had been granted to him as a child. Holt’s eldest son, Joshua, having remained in New South Wales, is I am told a prosperous and respectable man. The manuscript, although undoubtedly a genuine document, is, for the most part, a transcript either of Holt’s original rough copy, or, as seems more probable, from the colloquial style, a transcript after his dictation, founded upon the notes which he states that he had made when on the Falkland Islands in 1813. It was written in 1818, and revised by Holt in the
PREFACE.
XXlll
course of the following year, when he appears to have added a few observations. Holt’s secre- taries, for it is evident that he employed more than one amanuensis, were quite as illiterate, if not more illiterate than himself, and their ortho- graphy in many passages, required some study on the part of the editor to decypher. For instance, the word niece, in the manuscript, is usually spelled nees,"'' buffalo, huefalow,"' boatswain, ‘‘ Gazette, ‘‘ veran- dah, ^'farranda,'' windward, winword^' &c., and, according to the same authority, the crew of the Sydney, a ship from India, consisted of Mahomudins, say pies, a7id Clascal's T But
these mispellings, which in type are trifles to the eye of a reader, become far more formidable in manuscript not very legibly written. As words of ordinary occurrence were thus dis- guised by Holt and his secretaries, it is no matter of surprise that scarcely the name of any place or person is correctly given, and it has formed no small part of the editor’s labour, to identify places and persons, by re-
XXIV
PREFACE.
ference to various authorities. Thus, ‘‘ Mager ProvoiLVy' or ‘‘ Furvou.v/' is intended for Major Foveaux, ‘‘ Oie” for Owhyhee, Oteitt, for Otaheite, ‘‘ Mklerera^' for Madeira, Hahbity for Abbott, for Jerusalem,
for Bligh, PutloiP and Puttleton" for Put- land, for Alexander, Blacksell,''
for Blaxcell, Graace^' for Grose, “ Drewry^'" for Durie, ‘‘ Annevir it is conjectured means Grenville ; and so on for a list which may be extended to many pages.
These examples are offered as an apology for any errors which may be discovered, as for instance, the editor is by no means certain that the Dr. Kelly mentioned in vol. ii., page 80, is not intended for Mr. Caley, &c. And it should be observed that Eagle Island of the Falkland Islands, is now generally known as Speedwell Island.”
Yet, notwithstanding the numerous emenda- tions made in respect to local and personal names, the editor has adhered in the text closely to the original manuscript, feeling that much of
PREFACE.
XXV
the interest and value of the narrative would be destroyed by any attempt to refine Holt’s expressions, or embellish his style.
Two specimens of Holt’s mode of spelling may be found in the letter addressed by him to Lieutenant D’Aranda, and in Holt’s copy of Mr. Sumpter’s letter, which are printed in the second volume. The slight liberties also that it was ne- cessary for the' editor to take with his text, will be exemplified by reference to the fac-simile of a passage in Holt’s autograph, and the correspond- ing pages of the second volume. And it is cer- tainly remarkable, that although the writers were very illiterate, the style throughout is so clear, except occasionally, in local descriptions, as scarcely to admit of being in any respect misunderstood.
The division adopted in the present volumes is that into which Holt’s account of his fortunes naturally separates itself, namely, his career as a rebel in Ireland, and his adventures as an agri- culturist in New South Wales. The first volume brings down Holt’s history to the close,” I use
XXV
PREFACE.
his own words, “ of that most unhappy year, 1798.” And the second details the vicissitudes of his life, through good and evil report, nearly to the period of his death.
T. C. C.
Rosamond's Bower, Fulham, December 1, 1837.
CONTENTS
OF
THE FIRST VOLUME.
Holt’s early life, 2. Patrick Rogers, the robber, 3. Chase after Rogers, 5. Capture of Rogers, 6. Committal of Rogers, 7. Capture of Robbers, &c. 10. Employ- ments, 11. Hints for road makers, 12. Reflections on the Rebellion, 13. Presentment for road making, 14. Apology for Holt’s conduct, 15. Cruelties under Mar- tial Law, 20. Indications of the Rebellion, 21. Em- ployments, 25. Suspected of being a rebel, 26. Holt flies for safety, 27. Burning of Holt’s house, 29. The Devil’s Glen, 32. Excursion to Ballinalea, 36. Con- duct towards two spies, 37, Holt’s first appearance as a rebel, 38. Leaves the Devil’s Glen, 39. Meets with a party of rebels, 40. Colonel Mac Mahon, 41. Holt becomes a rebel leader, 42. Proceedings of the rebels, 43. Treatment of eight prisoners, 44. First
XXX
CONTENTS.
The Cronebane Corps, 215. Holt’s challenge to Cap- tain King, 216. Holt attacked and retreats, 217. Holt rallies his men, 218. Holt’s reflections on events, 219. Holt’s mode of recruiting, 222. Murder of Jona- than Eves, 223. Henry Downes, 224. Holt’s attack on Blessington, 225. Burning of Lord Waterford’s Lodge, 229. Division of the spoil at Hollywood, 231. General Moore’s letter to Holt, 232. Holt’s address to the rebels, 234. Effect of Holt’s address, 235. Holt’s view of his position, 236. Desertion from King’s County ]\lilitia,238. Holt’s Council of War, 239. Holt crosses the Glenmalure River, 240. Passage of the Glenma- lure River, 241. Holt’s line of march, 242. Disaffec- tion towards Holt, 243. Holt’s conduct towards his followers, 247. Holt determines to leave Ireland, 248. Mrs. Holt robbed, 249. Movements of Holt, 250. Jonathan Holt killed, 251. Death of Captain Hume, 252. Information given by the Byrnes, 254. Division of Holt’s force, 255. “ The Sporting party,” 257.
Holt surprised, 258. Escape of Holt, 259. Holt wishes to negociate for terms, 265. Holt returns to Glenbride, 266. Holt’s dream, 267. Holt surprised and attacked, 268. Reward of Quin, the informer, 269. Holt buries his dead. Movements, 270. Holt’s ad- dress to his followers, 271. Holt parts from his men, 272. Holt’s second dream, 273. Holt retires to Dun- drum, 274. Holt’s third dream, 275. Escape of Holt, 276. Holt’s letter to Mrs. Latouche, 277. Negocia- tion for Holt’s surrender, 278. Holt’s farewell to his associates, 279. Holt’s parting with his associates, 280. Holt surrenders to Lord Powerscourt, 281. Holt’s re- ception by Lord Powerscourt, 282. Holt’s vindication of his conduct, 284. Holt’s conversation with Lord Powerscourt, 286. Holt’s interview with Buckly, 292.
CONTENTS.
XXXI
Lord Powerscourt’s cavalry, 294. Holt escorted to Dublin as a prisoner, 295. Holt’s arrival in Dublin as a prisoner, 296. Holt confined in Dublin Castle, 297. Treatment of State Prisoners, 298. Holt a State Pri- soner, 299. Conduct of Holt’s Gaoler, James O’Bryan, 300. Conduct of Major Sirr, 302. Holt visited by the Lord Lieutenant, 303. Visitors to Holt, 305. John O’Bryan. Informers, 307. James and John O’Bryan, 308. James O’Bryan “ the informer,” 310. Holt’s interview with John O’Neill, 312. Holt’s interview with Pilsworth, 313. Conduct of James O’Bryan, 314. A fire near Dublin Castle, 317. Second interview with the Lord Lieutenant, 318. Captain Robert Gore. Cap- tain King-, 325. Rev. Mr. Weeks, 326. Preparations for Holt’s removal, 327.
Note illustrative of the first part of the Memoirs of Joseph
Holt,
August September October j
November j January 1799.
330 to 331 332 - 346 347 - 361 362 - 366 366 - 367
329
DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER.
The Portrait of Holt to face the title page of vol. i.
The simile of Holt’s MS. to face the title page of vol. ii.
1 N 1) E X.
A.
Abbott, Major Edward, ii. 276, 277,278,279. 29^.305, 306, 307. 311.
Achilles, ii. 298, n.
Active, (Transport,) ii. 77, Adown, i. 137. 164, 165. 257, 258.263.
Aikin, Captain, {quere Erskine ?) ii. 108, 109. 112, 113, 114. 117.
Alcock, Captain William Henry, ii. 29. 31. 42, 43.55.
Mrs., ii. 30,31.
Aldborough, Lord, his Corps, i. 36.
Allen, Mr., i. 177, 178, 179, 180.
his Family, i. 178.
■ Mr. Richard, i. 104, n.
107, n.
Alum-rock, (Derwent River, Van Dieman’sLand,) ii. 260, 261. Ancient Britons, i. 78, rt. 79, n. 80, n. 81, n. 82, n. 83, n. 84, n. 85, n. 86, n. 92, n. 362. ii. 58. 166, 167. 331. Anamoe, i. 3. 50. 326.
Anthony , ii. 342.
Antrim, Joliii,or Jack, vide io\m.
Militia, i. 25. 144. 148.
175. 177. 194. 250.
Archer, Captain Thomas, i. 11.
• , Dr., ii. 23.
VoL. I.
Ardee, i. 115, n.
Ardrey, i. 336.
Argyle Fencibles, i. 355.
Arklow, i. 59, n. 60, n. 76, n. 85, n. 89, w. 139. 144. 147, 148. 185, 71. 250. 331. 341. 342. 366.
■ Volunteers, i. 303. 366.
Armagh, ii. 6, 7.
Artramont, i. 71, w.
Arundel, John, i. 35, 36. 74.
Ash, Mr. (R.N.) ii. 374. 377. Ashford bridge, i. 36. 185. Ashtown, i. 3.
Athlone, i. 103, ?i.
Atkins, Mr. {quere) Atkinson, Captain, i. 366.
Mr. Richard, ii. 77, w.
78. 82. 187, 188, 189, 190, 191. 206, 207, 208. 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 7i.
Thomas, Esq. {quere, vide
Mr. Richard,) ii. 77, 216. Atlantic (Transport), ii. 79, n. Aughavanagh, i. 91. 147. 204.
215.217. 222. 250. 252, w. Aughrim, i. 69. 188. 191. 193. 195.205,206.208.334.340, 341.
Hill, i. 148.
Austin, John, ii. 46.
Avoca, River, vide Ovoca.
Aylmer, , i. 54, n.
b
XXXIV
INDEX.
B.
Baccagli, i. 52.
Bahia, ii. 405. 411, 412. Ballaghkeene Yeoman Cavalry, i. 83, n. 84, n. 85, n.
Ballalla liill, i. 275.
Ballibov, i. 180. 182, 183, 184. 223.
Ballidiinure, ii. 226.
Ballinalea, i. 36.
Ballinalougli, i. 278.
Ballinarush, i. 47, n,
Ballinderry, ii. 280. Ballinvalla-hill, i. 46.
Ballyarthur, ii. 384. 386, n. Ballybeg, i. 334.
Ballybog-hill, i. 1 15, n. Ballybracka, i. 164. 166. 258. 280.
Ballycorry, i. 25. 32, n. Ballycristal, i, 6, 7.
Ballycurragli, i. 91. 156. Ballvdaniel, i. 1. 138. 258. Ballyellis, battle of, i. 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, w. 82, w. 83, n. 84,
85, «. 86, w. 87. 92. 98. Ballyfolen, i. 137.
Ballyhack, ii. 15.
Ballyhena, i. 217.
Ballyhonal, i. 191.
Ballyhorra, i. 196.
Ballykine, i. 163, n.
Ballylow, i. 138, 139. Ballymacree, i. 231.
Ballyman, i. 93.
Ballymanus, i. 54. 66. 91. 156. 191. 193. 205.
Ballymore, Eustace, i. 169, n. 333. Bdllymoutha, i. 270. Ballynabarney, i. 25. ii. 280. Ballynalioun, or Ballynahound, i. 96.333.
Ballynakill, i. 306.
Ballynatrochin Cavalry, i. 253, w. Ballynecor, i. 3. 32.
Ballyrahin, i. 9.
Ballyslial^ vide Sbealstown.
Ballystocking, i. 170.
Bally tegue, i. 186.
Ballyteigue, i. 55, n. 56, n. Balmain, Mr. (or Doctor), Wil- liam, ii. 272.
Baltanamana Wood, i. 242. Baltinglass, i. 36, n. 332. 339, 340. 342. 355. ii. 290, n. Banks, Sir Joseph, ii. 76. 237.
s’ Strait, ii. 266.
Bank’s Town, i. 336.
Barnes, , ii. 69.
Barnet, Captain Charles, ii. 358. 363, 369, 370.
Valentine, ii. 368,
369.371.374. 377,378. 389, 390.
Barren Island, (Falkland Islands,) ii. 358.
Barrington, George, Mr., ii. 57, n. 59, w. 60,w.76, 77,n.78.92, n. 93, n. 109, n. 136. 148, 157, w. 184, 185, n. 221, rt. 287, n.
Barry, Richard, i. 43, 44. Barwell, Transport, ii. 71, n. Bass, Mr., ii. 257, n. 258, 319,
note.
’s Straits, ii. 56. 257, 7^. 266.
Bective, Mr. Justice, i. 342.
Beain, Serjeant William, ii. 336.
339. 363. 367.
Begly, Joseph, i. 225. 267.
Beil, Mr. Thomas, i. 3.
Bellas, Marqueza de, ii. 389, n. Bellevieu, (County of Wicklow,) ii. 356.
Bellingliam, John, ii. 329. 335.
347, 348. 367.
Bengal, ii. 237. 315, tz. 317. Bennillong, ii. 148, n. 149, n. 150, n. 151, n. 152, n. 153, note.
Benough, i. 101, n.
Benson, Rev. , i. 228.
Bent, Ellis, (Judge Advocate,) ii. 309.
Beresford, Mr., i. 131. 135.
INDKX.
XXXV
Berkley’s Sound, (Falkland Is- lands,) ii. 357.
Betham, Sir William, i. 34, n.
198, n. 272, 11.
Betsey Island, ii. 241. 264.
(Ship,) ii. 218.
(Whaler), ii. 353, n.
Bevan, i. 132, n.
Bevan’s-hill, vide Montpelier-hill. Bindel, Miss Mary, ii. 323. 326. 361.
Birch, Mr. John, ii.294. Birmingham Tower, Dublin Castle, ii. 1 , 2.
Birr, i. 226, n.
Blackamoore-hill, i. 47.
Black Bull Inn, (Edinburgh,) ii. 65, n. 66, n.
Blackburne, Mr., i. 24, n. Blackditches, i. 61.63, 64, w. 159.
223. 266, 267.
Black Flag, i. 89, n.
Blackrock, i. 342.
Blackwater, i. 1 82.
Blaquiere, Sir John, K. B. i. 3. ii. 32.
Blarney, i. 52, 53, n.
, Barons of, i. 53, n.
, “ Groves of,” i, 1 1, n.
Blaxcell, Mr. Garrett, ii. 315, n.
316, 317, 318,319. Blessington, i. 63, 71. 157. 164, ?2. 169, n. 223. 225. 332. 333. 337.
Cavalry, i. 146.
Bligh, Captain and Governor, ii. 264, 72. 293, 294. 300, 301, 302,303, 304. 308. 310, n. 311.
Blue Mountains, ii. 91.
Blues, the, ii. 297, n. Bohernabreena, i. 135.
Bolan, Michael, i. 196. 207,208. Bolton, William, ii. 25.
“ Bondmen of Cronebane,’' vide Cronebane Corps.
Boo-re-a, ii. 153.
Botany Bay, i. 257. 366. ii. 60.
67, 72. 147, 72. 151,72. 166, 72. 219.254, 72.
Bovvbridge, (Dublin,) i. 130. Bowen, Captain John, ii. 256, note.
Boyd, Mr. James, i. 55, n. 5(i, ?2. 190, 72. 191 , 72.
Boyle, , i. 349, 350.
Boyne River, i. 103, n. 114, n. 115, 72. 124. 140, 141. 144. 168. 307.
Brabyn, Lieutenant Johu,ii. 19.3. Bradley, Mr., i. 93.
Mrs., i. 93.
Bradnor, Mr. Thomas, i. 3. Brady, Brian, i. 247.
, Edward, i. 32.
, Thomas, ii. 7. 49. 74.
, William, i. 270. 278.
Bray, i. 2. 101,72. 346.
, Elizabeth, ii. 304, 305.
, Serjeant, ii. 304.
, Thomas, ii. 146.
Brayhead, ii. 5.
Brazils, ii. 232.
Brewer, Mr. Henry, ii. 107, n. Brickwell, Samuel, ii. 323. 329. 361.
Brien, i. 83, 72.
Broadlays, i. 93.
Broe, Father, i. 72, n.
Broken Bay, ii. 160.
Brookes, Captain Richard, ii. 323, 324,325.328,329.332.336. 338. 340, 341, 342. 344, 72. 417.
Brothers, (brig,) ii. 406.
Brown & Carter, Messrs., ii. 406, 407.
Brownrigg, Anriesley, Esq. i. 189, note.
Rev. Thomas, i. 318.
321.
Brush Farm, ii. 89.98, 99. 127, 128. 132. 145. 199. 319,72.
Island, ii. 319, n.
Bryan, Captain, i. 303.
, Curtis, ii. 132.
b 2
\XXV1
INDEX.
lUickey, Bob, alias Robert Jones. Vide Jones.
Buckly, , i. 292.
Buenos Avres, ii. 345, ??. 390.
Biitbilo, (\\. M. S.) ii.287.
Inilijer, , i. 5, 6.
Bunker’s Hill, ii. 254, n.
Bunnelong:, ii. 148. Vide Ben- nillon^.
Buonaparte, Napoleon, ii. 134, ti.
Burke, Martin, ii. 290. 292.
Butler, ]Mr., i. 345.
Butter Mountain, i. 137. 272.
Byers, Margaret, ii. 426.
Byrne, , i. 201, 202,
71. 203, 71.
, , i. 250. 254.
, ,i.257.
, , i. 264.
, Ann, i. 176.
, Bryan, i. 25.
, Garrett, i. 54. 65. 67. 73,
74. 81, w. 87,88. 100, w. 103, n. 106.
, Hugh, alias Hugh Vesty,
ii. 279,280. 291, 292.
, James, i. 171. 173.
, John, ii. 202. 321. 322,
323.329,330,331.336.338, 339.344, 345. 347.359.367. 370.401.413. 429.
, Laughlin, i. 3.
, Martin, i. 316.
, Richard, ii. 49.
, (“ The General’s Lady,”)
i. 202, n.
, Tom, {alias “ Boxing
Byrne”,) ii. 20.
, William, i. 54, 103, w.
Byron, Lord, i. 162, ti.
C.
Campbell, Captain, ii. 133.
, Mr. .John Thomas, ii.
311. 313. .322.
Campbell, Mr.Robert, ii, 172.177, 178.192.
, Thomas, the Poet, i.
135, n.
Campbell’s Island, ii. 324. Canning, The Right Hon. George, i. 286. 290,291.
Canterbury Farm, ii. 98. 128. 130, 131, 132. 144, 145.
Cape of Good Hope, ii. 44. Capure, i. 258.
Car, Samuel, ii. 7.
Carew, Sir George, (LordTotness,) i. 52, n. 53, n.
Carlow, i. 139.
, County of, i. 345. 356.
Militia, i. 217.
Carnew, i. 79, n. 81, n. 82, n. 83, n. 85, n. 86, n. 95, 7i. Carnes. Vide Kearns, i. 115, n. Car-rang-car-rang, ii. 151, 7^. Carrickbyrne, i. 66, n. 100, n. Carrigrua, i. 94, 95, n.
Carter. Vide Brown and Carter. Carty, Mr. Denis, ii. 242, 243, 244.246,247, 248. 250.256, 259.
, Mr. Thomas, ii. 416.
Caruey, ii. 151, w. 152, w. Carysfield, i. 135.
Carysford, Lord, i. 366.
Cascade Bay, (Norfolk Island,) ii. 227. 234.
Casha Mountain, (Van Dieman’s Land,) ii. 261, 262.
Castle Hill, ii. 200, 201, w. 204.
207.209. 213.215. Castlebridge, i. 71, ?z.
Castle Carberry , i. 1 09.1 14,ra. 1 38. Castlemacadam, i. 1.
Castle Pollard, i. 129.
Castle Tavern, Dublin, i. 298. Cavan, County of, i. 333. Cavanagh, Michael, ii. 132. Cell-bridge, i. 336.
Chamney, Major, i. 9.
Chandler, Tony, ii. 226. 232. Chapel House, i. 135.
INDEX.
XXXVIl
Cliapman, , i, 37. 185.
Charing Cross, (London,) ii. 418. Charlemont, Lord.i. 253, w. Charles, (a man of colour,) ii. 266. Chatham Division of Royal Ma- rines, ii. 254, n.
Cheers, Richard, ii. 266.
Clare, Lady, i. 162, n.
Clark, Mr.^ii. 244. 246, 247. 251.
255. 258, 259. 262.
Clear, Cape, ii. 416.
Clonard, i. 99, 100, rz. 102, 103, n. 104, rz. 1 06, zz. 1 07,?z. 138. Clone, i. 83. 148. 195. Clonballogue, i. 59, n.
Clontarf, ii. 429.
Clough, i. 92.
Cloyne, ii. 26.
Coal River, ii. 191. 204. 266. 280. 290.
Coates, Charles, Esq., i. 83, 195, 197. 366.
Cobramatta, ii. 160.
Coghlan, , ii. 122, n.
Colclough, John, i. 55, n. 56, n, Cole-be, ii. 149, n. 152, zi. 153, zz. 166, n.
Coley, Mr. Richard Warren, (Sur- geon, R.N.) ii. 421 .
Collet, Pierce, ii. 289.
Collins, Arthur, Esq., ii. 254, zz.
, General Arthur Tooker,
ii. 254, zz.
, Captain David, (Colonel
and Governor,) ii. 67, n. 75, zz. 76, zz. 77, zz. 78, zz. 83, n. 101, zz. 107, zz. 118, zz. 123, zz. 136, zz. 147, zz. 148, zz. 150, zz. 152, zz. 156, zz. 157, zz. 1 58,zz. 160, zz. 161 , zz. 162, zz. 163, zz. 164, zz. 165, zz. 168, zz. 177, zz. 242,243,244, 245,246.250,251,252,253, 254, 255, 256, zz. 257, zz. 262, 263. 272, zz.
, Mrs., ii. 254, zz.
Colthurst, William, Esq., i. 45, zz. 50.
Connor, James, i. 164.
Conway, , i. 253, zz.
Cook, Captain James, ii. 219, zz.
Cooke, , i. 355.
Coolagad, ii. 226.
Coolgreny, or Coolgrany, i. 148. 331.
— Cavalry, i. 58, zz.
Cooper, Rev. Mr., ii. 309. Corebuoy Hill, i. 109.
Cork, ii. 6. 13, 14. 26,27, 28.
, county of, ii. 122.228.
Corker, , i. 176.
Cornwall, county of, ii. 248. Cornwallis, Marquis, i.54,zz. 303, 304,305. 318,319,320. 323, 324. 335.359.361,362.365. ii. 8. 12. 38.
Cotton, Serjeant, ii. 54. 188. Courageaux, H. M. S. ii. 254, zz. Courtown, Lord, i. 337.
Cove of Cork, ii. 7. 1 9. 25, 26. 42. Cow-pasture, ii. 160.
Cox, Charles, ii. 26.
, Edward, ii. 26.
, George, ii. 26.
, Henry, ii. 26.
, Michael, ii. 228.
, Mrs.,ii.26.42.61.86. 127.
129,130.132. 144. 181. 190. 199. 203.
, William, Esq. (or Captain,)
ii. 26, 27.34.40.45. 46,47, 48, 49. 54, 55. 58. 61, 62, 63. 70, zz. 79, zz. 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90. 95, 96, 97, 98. 100,101.127,128,129,130, 131, 132, 133,134, 135.139. 141, 142, 143,144,145,146. 169,170,171,172.173,174, 175. 177,178, 179,180,181, 182,187,188,189, 190, 191. 196, 197, 198, 199.202,203, 204,205.217.273,274.283. 287.
Craig, Lieutenant-General, i. 22, zz. 148. 151, 152, 153. 218. 335.338.
INDEX.
xxxviii
Crawford, Colonel, i. 341. 343. 351.
Cripplegatc, (London,) ii. 419. Critchley, Mr., i. 19.
Crohane, i. 147, 148.
Cromlin, i. 131. 133.
Cronebane, i. 175.
Corps, i. 208, 209.
215. 218.
Crooks, ii. 271.
Crosby, Mr., ii. 405.
Cross Puddle, (Dublin,) i. 130. Cruise, Mr. (of Ardrey,) i. 336. Cutle, Farrell, ii. 6. 34.
Cullen, , i. 74.
, Mr. Patrick, ii. 324.
Cullentrougli, i. 242.
Culmullen, i. 1 14, n.
Cumberland, ii. 379.
Cummings, Lieutenant William, ii. 147, 148. 274, 275. 279, 280.
Cunningham, , ii. 200,201.
207, 208. 210. 213, 214, 215.
, Mr. Consul, ii. 383.
386, 387.401.
Curragh of Kildare, i. 63.
Curran, The Right Hon. J. P., i. 308, n. 310, n.
Cusack, Mr. Michael, i. 106, n. Custom House, (Dublin), ii. 423.
D,
Dalton, Mary, ii. 379.
, [Rebel] Captain, i. 111.
D’Aranda, Lieut. William, (R.N.) ii. 346, n. 352. 365, 366, 367, 368. 370, 371, 372, 373. 390.
Dame Street, Dublin, i. 295. Darley, Alderman, ii. 425.
Davis, Elizabeth, ii. 323.
, Mr. George, ii. 332. 342.
344, n.
, .Joseph, ii. 6. 49.
Dawes Point (Sydney), ii. 213. Day, Richard, ii. 7.
Dean, Charles, ii. 7.
De Bellas, Marqueza. EicZe Bellas. Delany, John, i. 527.
Delgany, i. 3. 131 .
Dempsey, Lawrence, ii. 209, 2 1 0,
211.
D’Entrecasteaux, Admiral ,ii. 236, n. 241 , n.
— ’s Channel, ii.
236, 71.
Derman, , i. 7.
Derrybawn, i. 242.
Derry River, i. 197.
Derwent River, ii. 236. 242. 253. 256, 257, n. 258, n. 259, 260, 261.268. 303.
Town, vide Newtown,
(Van Dieman’s Land.) Desolate Island, (Van Dieman’s Land), ii. 265.
Devil’s Glen, i. 28,n. 31, 32, w.
35. 37. 39, 40.
Devit, James, i. 231 .
Diego Ramirez, (Islands of), ii. 325.
Dirrelossery, i. 3. ii. 81.
Divine, Nicholas, ii. 59.
Dixon, Admiral, (Sir Manley), ii. 377. 388, 389.
, Father, ii. 429.
, Madge, i. 70, 71, w. 72,
n. 73, n.
, Thomas, i. 68, n. 70, n.
72, n. 73, n. 89, n.
Dobbs, , i. 7.
-, Counsellor, i. 332.
, James, ii. 198.
Dobson, Christopher, ii. 4, 5, 6 8. 10. 15, 16. 18, 19,20,21.
Dogherty, , i. 166.
— , Pat, i. 217. 231.
Dolphin’s Barn, i. 344. Donoghue, James, i. 267.
, Tom, i. 270.
Donard, i. 63. 65. 139. 157, w. Cavalry, i. 146. 218.
INDEX.
xxx^
Donegal, Countv of, i. 329.
, (H. M. S.)i. 330.
Donelan, Father, i. 61.
Dore, Mr. Richard, ii. 71, 72, 73.
77, n. 78. 85. 103.
Douglas, William, ii. 25.
Douse, Mountain, i. 281.
Down, Bishop of, i. 68, n. Downes, Henry, i. 223, 224, 225, n. 226, n. 227, n. 229. 234.
, Mary, ii. 304.
Doyle, [Rebel,] Colonel Matthew, i. 175. 232. 238, 239, 240. 243, 244. 254. 256. 333. Dromedary Mountain, (Van Die- man’s Land,) ii. 260, 261.
, (ship) ii. 308.
Drummeen, i. 242.
Drummond, John, ii. 239, 240, 241.
Dublin, i. 98. 115, n. 128. 130, 131, r.. 272. 343. ii.6, 7.76. 268. 353. 379. 429. 431, 432.
Bay, ii. 422.
Castle, i. 295. 297. 364.
366.
, County of, i. 337. 344.
350.
Duchess, (ship) ii. 236, n. Dudgeon, Mr. (of Dublin,) i. 348, 349.
DufF, General Sir James, i. 94, n. 95, n.
Duke, (ship) ii. 236, n.
Duleek, i. 1 14, n.
Duliatt, Francois, ii. 202. Dumfries Light Dragoons, i. 115, note.
Dundas, General, i. 54, n. 61, n. 153. 333. 364.
Dundrum, i. 272. 274. 295. 348.
Cavalry, i. 343.
Dunlaven, i. 103, w. 429.
— Cavalry, i. 315.
Dunleary, ii. 38, n. 144. 403.432. Durie, Capt. Robert, (73d Regt.) ii. 323. 330, 331, 332. 335.
338. 342, 343, n. 349, 350, 351. 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361. 371.
Durie, Miss Ann Providence, ii. 341.
, Mrs. ii. 323. 329, 330. 335.
337, 338. 340, 341. 347. 358. 362. 371.
Dwyer, Arthur, ii. 291, 292.
, Michael, [Rebel] Capt.,
(“ the Wicklow desperado,”) i. 157, n. 358. ii. 280. 290, 291, n. 292, n. 293, w.
E.
Eagle Island (Falkland Islands,) ii. 327. 349. 352, 353, 354. 356, 357. 359. 361, 362. 365, 366. 377.
Eardley, Francis, Esq., i. 4. Eastern Farms, ii. 136, n. Edenderry, i. 58, n. 59, n. 99, n.
114, n. 145. 307.
Edge, David, i. 43, 44.
, William, i. 43, 44.
Edwards, Anthony, i. 309, n.
, Mr., i. 28.
Elliot, Edward, ii. 136.
Elms, Nathaniel, ii. 418. 420. English Hotel, (Saint Salvador), ii. 409.
Enniscorthy, i. 56, n. 76, n. 93, n.
185, note.
Enniskerry, i. 295.
“ Erin go bragh,” Melody of, i. 135. ii. 381.
Erskine, Captain, vide Aikin. Esmond, Sir Thomas, Bart. i. 59, note.
Eustace, Garret, i. 170.
, General, i. 339. 341.
358.
Eves, Jonathan, i. 223, 224, 225, 229. 234.
Exeter, ii. 254, n.
Exshaw, Alderman, i. 350.
INDEX.
F.
Fabyi^ii, Robert, i. 10, w.
Faith and Hope, (boat) ii. 342. 357. 359.
Fairv, (H. M. bris:) ii. 404. 415. Falkland Islands;" ii. 326. 335. 343, n. 345, n. 346, n. 347, ?i. 352, 353, n. 372, 373. 376, 377. 389. 402. Vide Barren Island, Eagle Island, George’s Island, New Island, and Steeple Jasun.
Straits, ii. 345, v. 346,
note.
Fananerrin, i. 180.
Fancy Mountain, i. 43.
Fanning, Captain Edward, ii. 357. 359. 362, 363, 364, 365, 366. 368. 371. 389, 390.
Farrell, , i. 105, n.
, Mr. ii. 422, 423.
Farrington, , i. 314.
Fayne, Daniel, ii. 75.
Fermanagh Militia, i. 26. 338. 345. 350.
Fernando, Island of, ii. 415. Ferns, i. 86, n. 95, n.
Ferrybank, i. 60, n.
Field of Mars, ii. 160.
, Serjeant, ii. 175.
Fingal, i. 134.
Finnamore, Mr.,i. 96.
Finucane, Mr., ii. 305, 306. Fitzgerald, Brigade Major, i. 189, n. 190, n.
■ , Captain, (32d Regt.)
i. 2.
— , Edward, i. 54, 55, n.
56, n. 57, n. 61, n. 74. 103, n. 106. 114, n.
, Michael, ii. 80. 83.
136.
, , ii. 122.
, Maurice, ii. 118, 119,
120, 121.
Flag, Black, i. 89, n.
, Holt’s, i. 89, n.
“ Flanker” Wood, i. 175. Fleming, Alderman, i. 351. Flinders, Capt. Matthew, (R.N.) ii. 136, n. 236, n. 241, n. 257, n. 258, n. 259, n. 261, n. 319, n.
Flinn, John, ii. 429.
Forrest, Captain, ii. 237. 239. 242, 243. 265.
, , Mrs., ii. 420.
Foveaux, Major, and Lieut. -Col. Joseph, ii. 109, n. 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225. 229, 230, 231. 233. 235. 242. 245. 269. 303. 380.
Francis, Lady, i. 318.
Street, Dublin, i. 130.
Frazer, Miss Harriet, ii. 254, n. Frederick Henry Bay, (Van Die- man’s Land,) ii. 262. 264. Freeman, D. J, (Asst. Adjt.-Gen.) i. 152.
French Invasion, i. 329,330. Friendship Transport, ii. 60, n. Frizell, Richard, Jun. Esq.,i. 349. Fulton, Rev. Henry, ii. 28. 30. 32, 33. 42. 55. 61. 63. 232. 301.
— , Mrs., ii. 28. 30. 33.
G.
Galvin, Paddy, ii. 121, 122. Galway, County of, ii. 304. Garden Island, ii. 56, n. 57. Garrylough, i 65, n.
Geographe, le, (French corvette,) ii. 79, 71. 134, n.
George’s River, ii. 93, n. 160. 223.291.306. 308.
Island, (Falkland Islands,)
ii. 349. 356. 364, 365. Gibstown, i. 355.
Gibraltar, ii. 254, n.
Giffard, Captain, i. 84, n. 85, n. Ginders, Mary, ii. 240.
, William, ii. 240.
INDEX.
xli
Ginkle, General, i. 193.
Girrane, i. 93, n.
Glanbride, vide Glenbride. Glandisown, i. 45.
Glemaly, (^werelmail? which see.) Glen, vide Glenmalure. Glenameth House, i. 142. Glenasmoel, i. 137. 272.276. Glenbride,!. 147. 264, 265, 266. 355. 319.
Glen Bight, ii. 319, n. Glendalough, i. 44, 45. 185, 186.
246. ii.291,«. Glenmacanass, i. 246. 270. Glenmalure, i. 91. 91, n. 128. 138, 139. 157, n. 174. 176. 179,180. 183. 187.231.252. 298.
River, i. 240.
Glen of the Downs, i. 321, n. Gloucester, ii. 420.
Goat Island, ii. 148, n.
GofF, William, ii. 429.
Gold Mines, i. 147. ii. 7.
Golden Ball, i. 295.
‘‘ Good pay,” vide Kavanagh, Peter.
Gordon, Captain, i. 1 15, n.
, Colonel, i. 114, w.
■ , Rev. James, i. 30, n. 58,
n. 79, n. 83, n. 97, n. 99, n. 103, n. 115, n. 120, n.
Gore, Captain Robert, [quere, Lieutenant?] i. 324, 325.
, Lieutenant, i. 47, n.
, Mrs. Robert, i. 325.
Gorey, i. 58, n. 79, w. 81,w. 82, n. 83, n. 85, 7i. 100, n. 101, n. 188, n. 361 .
Hill, i.79, w.
Yeoman Cavalry, i. 83, n.
Go-roo-bar-roo-bool-lo, ii. 151, n. 152, w. 168, n.
Gough, , i. 83.
, Colonel, i. 114, n.
Government House, Sydney, ii.
202. 301,302, n. 321.' Gowan, Henry, Esq., i. 8.
Gowan, Hunter, Es(j., i. 8. 81, 7i. 83, w. 187, 188, 189, 190, «. 191, 71. 193, 194, 195. 334. 340.
Grafton Street, Dublin, i. 295. Gregg, Mr., i. 350.
Graham, Mr. (of Cork,) ii. 25. Grande Island, ii. 374.
Great River, {vide Derwent,) ii. 257, 258.
Green Hills, ii. 206.
Street, Dublin, i. 311, n.
, Thomas, ii. 379.
Greenane, i. 177.
Bridge, i. 175, 176.
Greendrake, Gregory, Esq. i. 28, n. 32, 71. 132, 71. 266, n. Greenwich, ii. 417. 420.
Grice, James, ii. 204, 205. Grogan, Cornelius, i. 76, n.
, John, i. 76, n.
, Captain Knox, Knox.
Grose, (Colonel and Lieutenant) Governor, ii. 142.
Guards, The, ii. 297, n.
Guest, Mr. (jleorge, ii. 242.
Guy, George, ii. 223. 229. 235.
H.
Hacket, Captain, i. 204.
238, 239, n. 249, 250. 257. 280. 331. 334. 350. 353. 358, 359, 360, 361, 362. 365, 366. ii. 290, n. Hacketstown, i. 31, n. 58, n. 80, n. 81, w. 85, n. 146. 355.
Yeomanry, i. 218.
Haliday, Dr., i. 253, n.
Hardy, Francis, Esq., i. 253, n.
, Major, i. 22, n,
Harney, Pierce, i. 139, 140. 174.
, Philip, ii. 323. 329. 331.
346.
Harold, Rev. Father, ii. 29. 32. no, 71. Ill, 71. 117, 118, 119.429.
xlii
INDEX.
Harold’s Cross, Dublin, i. 131. Harrison, Mr., ii. 25. 27,28. 42. 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54. 60. 63, 64.
Harvey, B. B. Esq., i. 54, n. 56, n. 66, n. 76, n.
Haulbowlin^, ii. 26.
Havre, ii. 134, n.
Hawkesbury River, ii. 91,92,93, 94, n. 95, n.
Plains, ii. 160. 179,
180. 187. 196. 200, n, 201. 206, 207. 209. 274. 286. Hay, Mr. Edward, i. 54, n. 55, n. 60, 71. 61, n. 68, w. 79, n. 86, 71. 89. n. 187, n. 189, n. 190, n.
, John, i. 60, n.
Hayes, Mr., ii. 249.
, Mrs., ii. 250.
, Miss, ii. 250.
, Sir Henry Brown, ii. 122,
123, 77.323. 329. 332. 342. 360, 361, 362.
, Captain John, ii. 236,
77. 241, 77.
Hays, , of Ballidunure, ii.
226.
Hegarty, Mr., ii. 25.
Henry, , ii. 76.
, William, ii. 7.
Herdsman’s Cove, ii. 256, 257, 77. Hessian Regiment, i. 157.
Hewit, John, ii. 52.
Heywood, Captain, (R.N.) ii. 345, 77. 346, 77.
Hicton, Captain George, ii. 320. 325, 326, 327. 332. 337. 340. 358. 360, 361, 362. "376.
Higgens, Thomas, ii, 133.
Higginbotham, , i. 4, 5.
Hobbs, Serjeant, ii. 34.
, Mrs., ii. 42.
Hobby, Lieutenant Thomas, ii. 217.
Hoche, [French ship] i. 329. Hocy, Mr., i. 315.
Holligan, Barney, i. 227. Hollogan, \^Rebel] Captain,!. 167. Hollymount, i. 338.
Hollypark, i. 132.
Hollywood, i. 355. ii. 332.
^ Glen, i. 63. 229,
230. ii. 332.
Holt, John, i. 1.
, Jonathan, i. 1. 250, 251,
252, 253.
, Joseph Harrison, ii.42. 267.
320. 324. 327. 329, 330.
336. 344, 345. 359. 371.
380. 387. 399. 401. 409.
421, 422.
, Joshua, i. 1. ii. 424, 425,
426.
, Junior, ii. 33,34.
39. 41.64, 65. 70. 73. 127. 145. 198, 199. 267. 275,
276. 280. 292. 304, 305,
306. 321.
, Mary, i. 1. 331.
, Mrs., i. 2. 136. 177. 202,
77. 231,232, 233. 241, 242. 244. 248, 249.264,265. 294. 299, 300, 301. 317. 326. ii. 1. 8. 10, 11. 13, 14. 28. 30. 33. 39. 41, 42. 61. 65. 73, 74, 75. 78. 82, 83, 84. 100. 118. 123,124,125, 126. 129, 130. 132.144.190. 199. 217,218.263.267.276.283, 284. 320. 324. 327. 329, 330. 336. 340,341 . 345.358, 359. 364. 366.371.373.380,381. 383.387.398,399.401.406, 407. 409. 421. 426.
, Thomas, i. 1.
, William, i. 1. 205. 208,
209. 212, 213, 214, 215. ii. 385.
Holts, of Bohernabreena, i. 135.
’s Fancy (NewSouth Wales),
ii. 308.
Flag, i. 89, 77.
Holster, Timothy, ii. 196.
Horn Cape, ii.325, n. 326. 343, n.
INDEX.
xliii
Horneck, George, i. 93, n.
, Philip, i. 93, n.
Hornidge, Captain, i. 355.
, Cuddy, [Mr. Cuth-
bert,] i. 93. 367.
, Mr. Richard, i. 367.
Horner, Peg, i. 310, n.
Houghton, Lieutenant,!. 106, n.
Houston, Captain, ii. 286, 287, 288.
Howe, Lord, ii. 254, n,
, Mr., ii. 25.
, Mr., Robert, ii. 313.
Howe’s Island, ii. 219.
Howlet, Tom, i. 192.
, his son, i. 192.
Howth, i. 134.
Hoyle, Oliver, i. 156.- 187. 247.
Hughes, Captain, i. 146.
, Mrs., ii. 362.
, Widow, i. 6.
Hugo, Lieutenant, i. 170.
Humbert, General, i. 329.
Hume, Mr. (M.P.) i. 31, n. 251, 252, 253, n. 331, 332. 339, 340, 341. 352, 353. 355.
Jun., i. 341. [Captain]
ii. 293, n.
, ii. 133.
Humewood, i. 331. 339.
, Cavalry, i. 331,
332. 340,341.
Hunter, Captain Andrew, ii. 358, 359. 361,362.364,365,366. 368,371.375.377,378.381. 389, 390.
Governor, Captain John,
(R.N.) ii. 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88. 94, n. 109. 112, n. 124. 150, n. 152, n. 156, n. 178, n. 199, w. 219, w. 268.
, (ship) ii. 221, n.
Hutchinson, Captain John, ii. 398,399,400,401.405,406. 412,413, 414.
Hynes, Mr., i. 64.
J.
Jack’s Harbour,(Falkland Islands) ii. 368.
Jackson, Charles, i. 67, n. 71, n. Jacob, Archibald Hamilton, Es((., i. 190, n. 191 , n.
James, , Esq., i, 7, 8,
, , ii. 25.
James Street, Dublin, i. 130. Jamieson, Doctor, ii. 170, 171. 175. 202.
, Mr., ii. 202.
Jenkins, Mr. Robert, ii. 419,420, 421.
, Mrs. ii. 419, 420, 421.
, Miss, ii, 419. 420.
, Mr. {Quere Doctor ?) ii.
283.
Jennet, John, ii. 184. 186. Jerusalem Rock, vide Rocks of Jerusalem.
Imail, i. 146. 157. 171. 183. 250. 252. 254. 332. 345. 356. ii. 16, 17.
Inch, i. 55, n.
Inconstant, (H.M.S.) ii. 404. Indostan, (ship), ii. 308. Inverness Fencibles, i. 114, n, John Antrim, or Antrim Jack, i.
154. 177.191.202,203.366. John, John William, ii. 279
Johnson, , ii. 208. 210.213.
, , ii. 265, 334.
, John, ii. 1 19.
, Richard, i. 135, 136.
, Rev., ii. 69, 70,
w. 76, n. 97,98.272,71. Johnstone, Captain and Major, (George,) ii. 59, 60, 61. 64. 73, 74. 78, 79, 80, 81. 86. 200,201. 301, 302, 303. Johnstown, (County of Wexford,) i. 76, n.
i. 1 14, n.
Jones, , i. 200, w. 201, n.
, General, (Qwere St. John?)
xliv
INDEX.
i. 205, 207. 212, 213, 214, 215.
Jones, John, ii. 175.
, Mr. ofGorey, i. 188, n.
, Robert, alias Bob Buckey,
ii. 225, 226. 229. 233. 235. 240, 241.
, Serjeant William, i. 206,
207, 208. 211, 212, 213.
► , Mrs., i.
206, 207.
Joseph, Francois, i. 157. 171, 172. 216. 325.
Joyce, John, ii. 132. 198. Isabella, (sliip), ii. 320. 323, 324, 325,326,327, 328, 329, 330, 331.333. 338,339. 342,343, 344, n. 347. 355. 362, 363. 365.369.383.
Judy, (of Round wood,) i. 161, n.
K.
Kable, Mr. Henry, ii. 117. 126, 127, w.
Kavanagh, Mrs., i. 37.
, Peter, i. 177.
, Thomas, i. 36.
Kearney, Simon, i. 138, 258. 263.
Kearns, , ii. 289,
, Andrew, i. 1 15.
, Anthony, ii. 1 32.
, Father, i. 59, n. 99, 100,
w. 101. 104, n. 140.
•, Katty, i. 118. 120, 121,
122. 124, 125.
, Mathew, ii. 266. 289,
290.
Keenan, Thomas, i. 11.
Keigan, Mr. William, i. 281. Keilby, Thomas William, ii. 265.
Kelby, , i. 179, n.
, Doctor, ii. 80.
, James, i. 92.
, Lawrence, i. 350.
Kemp, Captain Anthony Fenn, ii. 295. 298. 300. 309, 310.
Kendrick, William, i. 9.
Kennedy, , i. 129, 130.
, James, i. 123, 124, 125
,Major,ii. 405.412, 413.
, Captain, ii. 268.
, Mrs. ii. 268.
Kent, County of, ii. 254, n.
Keogh, , i. 232, 233. 235.
Kerry, County of, ii. 200.206. 379.
Keugh, , i. 68, 7i.
Kevin’s Street, (Dublin), i. 343.
347. ii. 423. 425, 426. Kilbride, Edward, ii. 323. 329. 331. 346. 429.
Kilcaven Hill, i. 80, n. 83, n. 86, note.
Kilcullen, i. 94. 348. 357. 364. Kildare, County of, i. 337. 344. 350. 356. 364. ii. 284. 308. 408.
Kilkenny, County of, i. 345. KilladufF, i. 148.
Killalla, i. 329.
Killiny, i. 134.
Killoughran Wood, i. 360. Killycloragh Hill, i. 195. Kilmainham Gaol, i. 342. 357.
, Old, (Dublin,) i.
130.
Kilmanor, i. 147.
Kilrenny, i. 104, ??.
Kimbley, Edward, ii. 233.235. Kincaid, John, ii. 6. 49.
King, Mr. Newton, i. 60, w.
, Sergeant James, ii. 128.
144. 174. 197, 198.
, Captain Thomas, i. 209.
216. 325.330, 331.
, Governor, ii. 40. 109, n.
114,115, 116. 124, 125, 126. 130. 132. 142. 168. 170, n. 190, 191. 200, n. 202, 203, 204,205.213,214.217,218, 219, w. 224. 231.242. 256, w. 263, 264, n. 267. 269, 270, 271.284,285,286.288.291, 292, 293. 299, n. 313, n. 380.
INDEX.
xlv
King, Captain P. P. 148,
King’s County, ii. 6. 34. 254, n.
Militia, i. 95, n.
175. 204. 224, n. 227. 238. 245. 250. 342. 348. 359.
River, i. 156. 158. 186.
223.
Kingstown, (Dublin,) ii. 432, 433. Kinnegad,i. 103, w. 106,
Infantry, i. 106, n. 107,
n. 108, n.
Kippure, i. 181.
Kirwan, Widow, i. 137. 168. Knockadrew, i. 186. 250. 254. Knockalt, i. 91. 156, 157, 158, 159. 186.223. 256,257. Knockannaga Chapel, i. 199. Knockfinn Bridge, i. 242. 245. Knox, Captain Grogan, i. 76. Kurakea, i. 25.
Kyan, Esmond, Esq., i. 59, 60, n. 61, n. 185, n.
, Howard, Esq., i. 59, n.
L.
Lackenhill, i. 100, n.
Lacy, John, ii. 6.
Lad-lane, (London,) ii. 417.
Lake, General, i. 336. 341. 343. Lambay, i. 134.
Lang, Rev. Doctor, ii. 272, n. 297, n. 301, ?2. 308, n. 310, n. 314, n. 315, n.
Landin, Lieutenant Richard (73d Regt.), ii. 332. 342. 343, n. 344, n. 346,72. 347, 72.366. Lannin, William, i. 63. 69.
Larra, James, ii. 123. 182. 267. Latouche, Family, i. 266, n.
, Mrs., i. 265, 266 276,
277, 278. 320, 321. 326. ii.
10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.26. , Peter, Esq., i. 138.265,
11. 14, 15. 356.
’s Yeoman Cavalry, i.
333.
l.avarna, i. 139.
Lawless, , ii. 58,59.
Laycock, (Quarter-Master) Thos. ii.201.
Leads, Mr. Samuel, ii. 178, 72.
Le Hunte, Captain, i. 66, 7i. 71, n. 72, 72.
Leith Street, Edinburgh, ii. 66, n. Leitrim Militia, i. 1 44, n. 159. 175. L’Estrange, Lieut.-Colonel, i. 95, note.
Lewellin, Joseph, ii. 305.
Lewins, Thomas, i. 209.
Lighton, Sir Thomas, & Co. i. 350. Limes, Christopher, i. 3.
Lively, ii. 23. 25.
Liverpool, ii. 398. 416. 420, 421. London, ii. 150,72.298.416.418, 419.421, 422.
Long, Hester, i. 2. vide Holt, Mrs.
, Holt’s assumed name,i. 274.
Longford Bog, i. 126.
Militia, i. 144.
Longwood, i. 138.
Lord, Mr. Edward, ii. 174. 319.
, Mr. Simeon, ii. 127, 72.
Low, John, i. 2.
Luggelaw House, i. 265.
Mountain, i. 33, 72. 39.
138. 257.
Lugnaquilla Mountain, i. 146. 157, 72. 251. ii. 16.
M.
Mac Alice, Daniel, ii. 205. M‘Artliur, Mr. Grenville, ii. 320.
Captain John, ii. 86.
95, 96, 97. 239. 300, 301, 302. 310.
M‘Bride, Admiral, ii. 254, 72. M‘Clatchy, Mr. James, i. 28.
M‘Clean, >, ii. 221. 230,
231. 235.
M‘Dermott, , i. 148.
M‘Donnell, Captain, i. 164.
, i. 268.
, Matthew, i. 268.
M‘Evoy, John, i. 178. 194.
xlvi
INDEX.
M‘Gawley, Serjeant, ii. 264, 265. M‘Guire, Peter, alias Walsh, ii. 226.
Denis, ii. 429.
J\I‘Kay, or M‘Koy, Mr. Daniel, ii. 101, 102,71. 103,104,105. 107. 116. 206. 212. M‘Kellar, Captain, (or Lieutenant Neil,) ii. 133.
M‘Keown, John, ii. 213, 214,215.
M‘Kinley, , i. 310, n.
M‘Lean, Lieutenant, i. 47, n. ]\Iaclean, Major, ii. 342. M‘Mahon, [J?e5e/], Colonel, i. 40, 41. 335.
M‘Nally, Mr. L.,i. 310,77. Macoon, Maun, i. 268, 269. Macquarie, (Lt. Colonel,) Gover- nor, ii. 308, 309, 310, 311, 312,313,314,315, 316.318. 321, 322, 323, 324. 343, n, 347, 77.
Maddison, , ii. 329.
Madeira, ii. 42.
Magrath, Widow, i. 165. 168. Malahide, i. 224, n. 227, n. Mann, Mr.D.D., ii. 95, n. 126, n. 133, 77. 153, 77. 159, 77. 184, 77. 187, 77. 199, n. 281, n. Manning, George, i. 186. Maranham, ii. 411.
Margarot, Mr. Maurice, ii. 65, 66, 67, 77. 68, 69, 70, 71. 73. 79, 77. 81. 385, 77.
, Mrs., ii. 69.
Marks, , i. 37. 185.
Marong, , ii. 46.
Marsden, Mr., i. 297.
, Rev. Samuel, ii. 76.
78.80. 82. 87,88. 172. 177. 182. 192.217.263.284.286. 312.
Marshall, Rev. Mr., ii. 254, 77. Martin, James, ii. 132.
Mason, Dr., ii. 120, 121. 167. Matilda, Queen of Denmark, ii. 254, 77.
Mat-te-wan-ye, Island of, ii 57, n.
Maundrill, Lieutenant, ii. 34. 49. Mauredum-hill, i. 191.
Meahan, Mr. James, ii. 307. 319. Meath, County of, ii. 205.
, Earl of, i. 278. 346.
Me-mel, vide Goat Island, ii. 148, note.
Meredith, Major, i. 356. Merinna, John, ii. 291, 292. Meyers, General, ii. 19. 34, 35, 36,37. 39,40,41.
Meyric, Brigadier General, i. 1 14, note.
Mid Lothian Cavalry, i. 189, n. Miles, Mr., i. 25.
Miley, Miles, i. 230. 241, 242. Mill House, i. 249.
Millikin, “Honest Dick,” i. 11, note.
Mills, Captain, i. 330.
Miltown, i. 295.
, Earls of, i. 169, n. 362.
Milward, Capain, i. 61, n. Minerva, Transport, ii. 23. 25, 26. 28. 30, 31. 34. 48. 50. 54. 58. 60, 77.
Mitchell, Mr. James, ii. 237, 238, 239.
xMolloy, Mr., ii. 408,409,410. Monaghan, County of, ii. 204. Monastereven, i. 102, n.
Monanee, i. 276.
Moneyseed, i. 75. 83, n. 84, n. Monck, Lord, i. 318.
Monk, Dick, i. 60, n.
Monrath, ii. 429.
Monte Video, ii. 345, n. Montpelier-hill, i. 132, 133. Moore, John, i. 148.
Moore, General, (Sir John), i. 54, 77. 215. 232, 233. 236. 252, 253, 77. 292. ii. 290, 77.
, Mr. William, ii. 405.
, Thomas, (The Poet,) i. 162,
77. 293, 77.
Morgan, Francis, ii. 57.
, John, i. 1 1. ii. 175.
Moreton, Henry, Esq., i. 9.
INDEX.
xlvii
Morne, , i. 276.
Mount Casha, vide Casha Moun- tain.
Mount Dromedary, vide Drome- dary Mountain.
Mountgarret, Doctor, ii. 256. Mount George, (Norfolk Island,) ii.232.
Mount Hester, ii. 204. 267. 319. Mount Howard, i. 59, n.
Mount John, i. 11.
Mount Pitt, (Norfolk Island,) ii. 219.
Mount Table, vide Table Moun- tain.
■“ Moving Magazine,’^ vide Toole, Susy.
Moyes, Mosey, ii. 425. Muckla-hill, i. 2 15.
Muir, Mr., ii. 66, n. 67, n. 79, n. Mulgrave, Lord, ii. 254, n. Mullalley, Patrick, i. 257. 265. Mullanasmareen, i. 5, 6. Mullinacarriage, i. 257. Mullinaveig, i. 37.
Mullingar, i. 103, n.
Murphy, Darby, ii. 198.
, Father John, i. 56, n.
64, n.
, i. 164.
— , (Rebel Commander,) i.
334, 335.
, Thomas, ii. 84.
Musgrave, Sir Richard, i. 23, n. 24, n. 28, n. 31, n. 34, n.
36, n. 44, n. 54, n, 56, n.
73, n. 79, n. 83, n. 85, n.
89, n. 93, n. 99, n. 100, n,
103, 71. 171, 71. 190, n. 230, n. 239, n. 245, n. 252, n. 290, n.
Muskerry, Lord, i. 52, n. 53, n. Murray, Joseph, ii. 183, 184, 185, 186.
N.
Nancy, (H. M. brig) 346, n. 352. 365, 366, 367, 368.
370, 371. 373. 404.
Nannina, (American vessel) ii. 346, n. 347, n. 362. 365,
366. 368, 369. 372, 373.
376, 377, 378, 379. 387,
388, 389, 390.
Nantucket, ii. 357.
Nailor, , i. 32.
Nares, Rev. Dr., i. 169, ti. Naturaliste, le, (French corvette,) ii. 79, n. 134, n.
Navan, i. 123.
Needham, General, i. 79, 7i. 82, n. 85, 7^. 94, n. 95, n.
, Susy, i. 131.
Neill, or Neil, John, vide O’Neill.
■ , Michael, i. 348, 349.
, Tom, i. 6.
Neptune, (Transport,) ii. 177, n. Nereus, (H. M. S.) ii. 345, n, 404. Newbridge, i. 192. 331.
New Castle, (Coal River,) ii. 266. Newgate, (London,) ii. 66. n.
New Holland, ii. 56. 67, n, 266. 298, n.
New Island, (Falkland Islands,) ii. 327. 362. 368.
Newpark, i. 54, n. 55, n,
Newry Bridge, i. 342.
New South Wales, ii. 23. 31. 44, 45. 66. 69, n. 71, n. 173. 193, 194. 206. 219, n. 220.
223. 229. 247. 263. 268.
272, n. 281, n. 282, 283.
291. 293. 298, 299, n. 302, 71. 304. 308, 309. 314. 377. 379. 386. 417. 419. 423.
429. 432.
Corps, ii. 297,
71. 298. 301, 302. 309, 310. New Street, Dublin, i. 130. Newtown, (Van Dieman’s Land,) ii. 243. 246. 264.
, Barry, i. 5. 8.
, Mount Kennedy, i. 14.
Naas, ii. 25.
xlviii
INDEX.
22, n, 46, n. 98, 115. 141. 324. 335. ii. 166.
Newtown, Providence, (Falkland Islands,) ii. 358. 368.
New York, ii. 369, 370. 390.
New Zealand, ii. 219, w.
Nisus, (H. M. S.) ii. 404.
Norbury, Lord, ii. 291, n.
Nore, (the) ii. 226.
Norfolk Island, ii. 59, 60. 124. 170, n. 177, n. 218, 219, n. 221, )i. 225. 228. 230, 231, 232. 236, 237, 238, 239, 240. 242. 244. 268, 269, 270.
Sloop, 257, n.
North Bridge, (Edinburgh,) ii. 66, n.
Cape, (Falkland Islands,)
ii. 326.
Prison, (Lugnaquilla Moun- tain,) i. 157, n.
River, (Van Dieman’s
Land,) ii. 236, n.
Northern Boundary, (New South Wales,) ii. 160.
Northshire Yeomanry, i. 218.
Nortliumberland Fencibles, i. 106, n. 107, n.
Nucroheen, i. 3.
O.
Oakes, (Head Constable,) ii. 276.
Oakwood, i. 186. 223. 247. 256.
O’Bryan, James (“the Informer,”) i. 297, 298. 300, 301. 303. 305, 306. 308, 309, 310, 311. 313, 314, 315, 316, 317. 327. ii. 423.
,Mrs. i. 298. 302.
, his sisters, i. 306,
307.
, John i. 307, 308, 309.
O’Byrn or Bryn, Teagh Mac Hugh, i. 91, n.
O’Connell, Lieutenant Governor Richard Charles, ii. 309.
O’Connor, Arthur i. 297.
, Dr. (or Mr.) ii. 29, 30.
32. 43.
O’Donnell, Phelim i. 52, n. O’Dwyer, vide Dwyer.
O’Hara, Edward, ii. 74. Old-hidge, i. 242.
O’Mara, John, ii. 279.
One Hundred and Second Regi- ment of Foot, vide New South Wales Corps.
O’Neill, [Rebel] Captain John, i. 55. 61, 62, 63. 69, n. 250, 251, 252, n. 312, 313. 317.
, Mr. John, i. 119.
Orde, Lieutenant Colonel, i. 333. Otaheite, ii. 237.
O’Toole, Family of, i. 157, n. Otter, (American vessel,) ii. 67, w. Oulard, i. 65, w.
Ovoca River, i. 139. 162, n. 194. Owhyhee, ii. 237.
P.
Pack, ii. 254, 7i.
Packet House, (Liverpool,) ii. 422.
Palace Square, (Rio de Janeiro,) ii. 378, 379.
Parkend Street, (Dublin,) i. 130. Parker, Mrs., i. 71, n.
Parliament Close, (Edinburgh), ii.
65, n.
House, (Edinburgh), ii.
66,
Parramatta, ii. 75, 76, n. 77, n. 82. 101. 117, 118. 123. 146. 182, 183. 187. 196, 200, n. 201, n. 204. 209. 213. 223. 267.271,272.277. 284.286. 288.
Parsons, Mr., i. 84, n. 85, n. Passage, [near Waterford,] ii. 10. Patagonians, ii. 326.
Paterson, Colonel William, (Lieu- tenant Governor), ii. 109, n.
INDEX
xlix
1‘2;J,124, D25,126. 144. ‘212, 214. 303,304, 305,300,307, 308.
Palrickson, Mr., ii.251. 202. Pease, Captain Basil, ii. 308. Pennant Hills, ii. 279.
Peppard, Mr. of Bankstown, i. 336.
Perceval, Doctor, ii. 425.
Mr., i. 55, n.
Pernambuco, ii. 411, 412, 413, 414.
Roads, ii. 415.
Peron, Mr., ii. 79, n. 123, n. 1 34, n. 135, n. 136, n.
Perry, Anthony, i. 55, n. 57, 58, n. 59, n. 65. 74. 99, n. 104, V. 109.
Phoenix Park, Vice Regal Lodge in, i. 365.
Phillip, (Captain and Governor,) ii. 69, n. 77, w. 136, n. 149, n. 150, n. 219, n. 254, n. Pigeon House, (Dublin,) ii. 1. 4. 422.
Pike, Miss, ii. 122, n. 361.
Pilsworth, , i. 61, 62, 63. 68,
69, n, 118.312, 313. Pinch-gut Island, ii. 56.
Piper, Captain John, ii. 222. 225. 231,232.234,235.240.299. 311, 312.
Piperstown, i. 135.
Pitcairne, Major? (R. M.) ii. 254, note.
Pitt, Transport, ii. 77, n.
Pit Water Plains, ii. 262.
Plate River, ii. 345, n. 359. 371. Pluck, Lieutenant, i. 164. Plutarch, ii. 212.
Pollard, William, i. 257.
Ponds, ii. 200, n.
Port Dalrymple, ii. 299. 303. Port Egmont, ii. 345. n.
Port Jackson, ii. 56. 58. 79, n. 134, n. 135, 130, n. 219.
221. 232. 239, 243. 250, n. VoL. 1.
204, n. 290. 313, n. 317. 343, //. 355. 379.
Port Louis, (I'alkland Islands,) ii. 308.
Potter, , ii. 224.
Power, Mangin, ii. 81 .
, Timothy, ii. 81 .
Powerscourt, Lord, i. 28, n. 44. 264,265.273.276,277,278. 279.281,282,283,284.280, 287,288,289,290,291,292, 293, 294, 295,296, n. 297. 300.318.324.363.364. ii. II.
, his cavalry, i.
258.273.270.287.288.290. 293, 295, 296, n. 330. 345. 364.
Powerscourt House, i. 363. Polyphemus, (H. M. S.) ii. 23. Prentice, Captain, ii. 98.
Price, Andrew, Esq., i. 3,4,5. 38. 43. 47. 248.
, Doctor, ii. 42. 52, 53, 54.
, , ii. 371.
Prince of Wales’ Light Dragoons, i. 333.
Prosperous, i. 102, 103, w. Prosser, Thomas, ii. 74.
Puleston, Lieut. -Colonel, i. 80, n.
82, n. 83, n. 84, n. 86, n. Putland, Captain, [QaerCy Lieu- tenant, R. N.] ii. 293. 302, note.
, Mrs., ii. 293. 30 1 . 302,??.
Q.
Quin, , i. 266, 207. 209.271 .
11.
Radclilf, Mr., i. 96.
Ralf, William, ii. 208, 209. Ramsay, Jolui, ii. 130.
Randall, John, ii. 142, 143, 144. 169.
Rathcoolc, i. 347.
c
1
INDEX.
Ratlidrum, i, 69. 175. 177, 178. 208, 209. -211. 324,325.330. 358.
Yeomanry, i. 2l8. 331.
357.
llathfarnham, i. 40. 161. 349. Rathvilly, i. 31 , n.
Read, Walter, i. 47.
Reculla, ii. 29.
Redena Bridge,!. 194. 205.
Hill, i. 69. 194.
Redfern, Mr. William, ii.229. 319. Redgap, i. 348.
Rediton, John, ii. 267.
Redman, , ii. 167, 168.
Redmond, Mr. Patrick,!. 89, Redmond’s Hill, (Dublin,) ii.426. Redwells, i. 3 12.
Register Office, (Edinburgh,) ii. 65, n,
Reilly, Widow, i, 256.
Riley, Mr. Alexander, ii. 315, n. 316, 317, 318.
Reliance, (H. M. S.) ii. 177, n. Reynolds, Michael, i. 104, n. Rice, Francis, i. 9.
, Richard, ii. 119. 176.
Ridgeway, , i. .59, n.
Rio de Janeiro, ii. 43, 44, 45. 97. 345, n. 347, n, 356. 375. 385, n. 388, 389, n. 390. 392, 393, 394, 395, 396. 398. 402. 405. 414.
Risdon Cove, (Van Dieman’s Land,) ii. 256, n. 257, n. Riviere du Nord. Vide North River.
Rock, Captain, ii. 291, n. Robertstown, i. 102.
Robinson, , i. 59, n.
-, Mr., ii. 237. 241.
Mr. Michael, ii. 313. Mrs., ii. 416.
Roche, \^ReheV\ General Edward, i. 65, 66, n. 67, 68, n. 70, 71, n. 72, 73, 74, 75,76.98.
, Father Philip, i. 68, n.
Rochester, ii. 254, n.
I Rocks of Jerusalem, ii. 273, 274, I 275.
I Roebuck, i. 350.
Rogers, Patrick, i. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
I 8, 9. 64.
I Rondeau, General, ii. 345, n.
: Rosborough House, [Qwere, vide Russborough] i. 362.
Rose Bay, ii. 152, n,
I , Right Honourable George,
I ii. 75, n.
Hill, ii. 75, n.
Ross, Major (Sir Charles) ii. 34, 35, 36. 40.
Rossmore, Lord, i. 318, 319, 320. 324.
Rostellan Castle, ii. 26. Roundwood, i. 2, 3. 12. 14. 38. 44, n, 50. 240. 257. 337. 359. ii. 81. 99.
Cavalry, [Rebel] i.
349.
Rowley, Captain Thomas, ii. 129. 175. 177. 192.
, Patrick, ii. 379.
Rowsorne, James, i. 100, n.
Royal Irish Dragoons, i. 352. Russborough, [Quere^ vide Ros- borough] i. 169.266.
Russell, Mr. John, i. 161, n.
, Mr. (Vice Consul,) ii.
388.
Rutter, Counsellor, [Quere Con- sul] ii. 380. 382, 383. 398.
, Mrs., ii. 380, 381. 398,
399.
Ryan, Rev. Dr., i. 344.
, Peter, ii. 422.
S.
St. Giles, (London,) ii. 251.
St. Groof, ii. 265.
St. John, General, vide Jones, General.
St. Joseph Street,(Riode Janeiro,) ii. 379.
INDEX.
II
St. Kevin’s Bed, (Glendalough,) ii. 291, n.
St. Leger, Captain John, ii. 18.
32.
St. Lucia, (River Plate,) ii. 345, note.
St. Patrick’s Day, ii. 178. 421, 422.
Head, ii. 56.
St. Salvador, ii. 379. 405, 406, 407. 409, 410, 411.414.
St. Stephen’s Green, (Dublin,) i. 162, n. 295.
Salkeld, Captain, ii. 25. 27, 28.
33. 41. 46, 47, 48. 56. 64. 70, 71, 72.
Sally Gap, i. 164.
, Phelim, i. 47.
Sandy Mount, (near Dublin,) ii. 425.
Satellite, (H. M. brig) ii. 404. Saul, Edward, i. 33. 35. Saunders, Mr. Morley, i. 363. Scott, Sir Walter, i. 161, n. Scullabogue, i. 93, n. 100, n. Scurlock’s Leap,i. 137. 164. 270. Seaview, i. 324.
Seven Churches, vide Glenda- lough.
Hills, (New South Wales,)
ii. 160. 279.
Seventy-third Regiment, ii. 308, n. 309. 343, n. 347, n. 418. Shankhill, i. 270.
Shaw, Mr. William, i. 200, n. Shealstown, i. 150. 156. Shelmalier Cavalry, i. 65, n.
■ — — Marksmen, [Rebel], i. 90, n. 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, n.
Shepherd, Serjeant, i. 60, n. Sherrard, James, ii. 179.
Sherwin, Ann, ii. 223, 224.
■ , Serjeant, ii. 223.
Short, Martin, ii. 25. 49. 308. Silver Mines, ii. 28.
Sirius, ii. 170, n. 219, n.
Sirr, Major, i. 69, n. 226, n. 297.
301. 303. 311, 312, 313. 349, 350. 361. ii. 422, 423, 424, 425. 427, 428,429. Skerrett, Colonel, (Corps,) i. 148. 150.
Skirving, Mr., ii. 66, n. 67, n. 68, n. 79, n.
Slaney River, i. 71 , n.
Slashers, vide Kinnegad. Slievebuoy Hill, i. 86, 87. 94, 95, note.
Slievenaman, i. 257.
Smith, James, ii. 429.
, Neill, ii. 204.
, Sir Sidney, ii. 38 1 . 395.
Smyth, Mr. Thomas, ii. 107, n. 108, 109. 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118. 120. 123. 217.
Snell, Samuel, i. 186.
Snow Hill, (London,) ii. 421.
“ Sorrowful Bank,” (Falkland Islands,) ii. 330.
Southshire Yeomanry, i. 218. Sowrds, i. 1 15, n.
Sparling Street, (Liverpool,) ii. 416.
Spencer, Daniel, ii. 169.
, Mary Anne, ii. 323. 362.
Spike Island, ii. 26.
Staines, James, ii. 283,284, 285, 286,287, 288.^
Stamp-mill Bridge, i. 192. Stanyhurst, Richard, i. 10, n.
1 1 , n.
Staten Island, ii. 326.
Steeple Jason, (Falkland Islands,)
• ii. 327.
Stewart, , i. 355.
Stoney Pass, ii. 416.
Storm Bay, ii. 236, n.
Passage, ii. 56. 241.
Strangford, Lord Viscount, ii. 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, n. 396, 397.402, n. Stratford, Colonel, i. 342. Stratford-on-Slaney, i. 355. 363.
Hi
INDEX.
Sugar l.oaf, (llio cle Janeiro,) ii. 375.
Sullivan, , (or Wollilian,) ii.
221. 230, 231. 235,
Cove, (Van Dieman’s
Land,) ii. 257, n. 261, n. Summer Hill, i. 114, n.
Sumj)ter, Mr. [or General] Thos. ii. 375, 376, 377. 379. 381, 382, 383. 388, 389, n. 390. 398, 399. 401, 402, 403, 404.
, Mrs.,ii. 380, 38 1 , 382.
390. 398, 399.
Supply, ii. 170, n.
Surprise Transport, ii. 67, n. 78, n.
Sutton, Lieutenant John, i. 176. Swan with two Necks, (London,) ii. 417.
Sweeney, or Sweny, , Esq.
i. 2. 351.
Swilly, Lough, i. 330.
Sydney, ii. 56, n. 67, w. 68, n. 76. 78, n. 98. 101. 103. 118, 119. 149, n. 150, n. 159. 165, n. 166, n. 170. 199, n. 201, n, 205. 209. 213. 266, 267, 268. 272, n. 281. 303, 304. 308. 314, w. 315, 316, 317.320. 338.
Barracks, ii. 301 .
Cove, ii. 57. 67, n. 135,
n. 148, n. 149, tz. 308. 315, note.
Gazette, ii. 313.
Heads, ii. 56. 266.
(ship,) ii. 236, 237. 239,
240.264. 266.
Symes, Rev. Richard, i. 334. Synge, Francis, Esq., i. 11.44.
Synnot, , i. 355.
, Martin, i. 1 1 .
T.
Table Mountain, (Van Dieman’s band,) ii.26I.
Talbotstown, i. 314.
Cavalry, i. 355.
, Upper, Yeomanry,
vide Upper.
Tate, , i. 330.
Tay, Lough, i. 265, n.
Taylor, Mr. George, i. 54, n. 55, n. 51 , 71. 59, n. 60, n. 69, n. 71, n. 73, n. 78, ?z. 81, n. 89, n. 93, n. 95, n. 96, n. 100, n. 101, n.
Teeling, Mr. Charles Hamilton, i. 30, n. 51 , n. 308, 7i. Thomas Street, Dublin, i. 130. Thompson, Dr. James, ii. 78, 79, n. 80. 133, 134, 135, n.
, John, ii. 25.
, Mrs., ii. 134.
Thomson, John, i. 44, n.
, Joseph, i. 43, 44, 7i.
Thorn, Serjeant, ii. 264, 265.
Thornton, , i. 355.
Three Lough Mountain, i. 91. 138. 272, n. 215 ?
Three Rock Mountain, i. 272. 275. Three Rocks, i. 60, n.
Tighe, Mrs., i. 91, n.
Tilly, Thomas, ii. 133.
Tillicherry, (ship) ii. 293. 379. Tinnahely, i. 9. 84, n, 196. 199, zz.
Cavalry, i. 83, n. 218.
Tinnahinch Bridge, i. 50. Tinnakilly, i. 148.
Tipper, i. 135.
Tipperary, County of, ii. 304. Tomlinson, William, Esq. [Lieut.] i. 357.
“ Tom the Devil,” i. 58, n.
Tone, Theobald Wolfe, i. 330. Toole, Luke, i. 3.
, Phelim, i. 50.
, Susy, i. 49, 50, 51, 52.
143. 160. 180. 190. 238. 245, n.
Toomacork, i. 5.
Toongabbe, ii. 77, n. 83. 1 1 8. 125. Totness, Lord, vide Carew, Sir George.
1NJ)EX.
liii
Tottenham, Mr., i. ‘25. 32, n. Toulmin, Abraham, Esq., ii. 421. Townsend, Mr., i. 120, «. Treasury, (London,) ii. 418.
Trim, i. 114, n. ii. 205.
Tristan da Cunha, ii. 43.
Troy, Dick, ii. 283, 284, 285, ‘ 286, 287, 288.
Turner, Mr., i. 55, n.
Twyfbrd, , i. 318.
Tyrrell, Lieutenant, i. 103,n. 104, n. 106, n, 107, n.
, Mr. Jun., i. 105,
note.
, Mr. George, i. 106, n.
, Mrs., i. 99, n. 100, n.
U.
Ubank’s-hill, i. 215.
Underwood, Mr. James, ii. 127, note.
Upper Talbot’s Town Yeomanry, i. 339.
V.
Valentia Harbour, i. 28, n.
Van Dieman’s Land, ii. 219, n. 236, n. 256, n. 257, n. 259, n. 263.
Vartrey, River, i. 14. 27, 28, n. 33, n.
Venerable, (brig,) ii. 398. 401.
404. 406, 407. 415.
Vesty, Hugh, vide Byrne. Vinegar-hill, i. 56, n. 66, n. 68, n. 83, w. 93, n. 100, w.
W.
Walker, Rev. Mr., ii. 28.
Walsh, Paddy, ii. 226.
, Peter, alias M‘Guire,
vide M‘Guire.
Warren, John, ii. 83.
, Sir John B. (Admiral), i.
329.
Waterford, ii. 10. 28.
— , Marquis of, i. 230, n.
338. 367. ii. 332.
^ his Lodge,
i. 229, 230.
Watkins, , i. 298. 301. 303.
316.
Well Street, (Cripplegate, Lon- don,) ii. 419. 421.
Weeks, Rev. Mr., i. 325, 326. Welsh, John, ii. 206,207, 208. Wemyss, Major-General, i. 114,7^. Wentworth, Mr. D’Arcy, ii. 177. 192.228,229,230.232.270. 312. 315, n. 316, 317, 318. Wexford, i. 65, n. 68, n. 72, n. 191, n. 342.
Bridge, i. 60, n. 61, n,
89, n.
, County of, i. 338. 353.
355, 356. 358. 360. 364, ii. 242. 331.416. 429.
Whaley Abbey, i. 162, n. 163, n. 195. 208.
Buck, i. 160, 161, n. 162,
n. 240.
Whelan, , i. 177.
Whelp Rock, i. 47. 53. 91. 136. 138,139.141. 146, 147.156. 164. 307.
White, Edward, i. 165. 167.
, Hawtrey, Esq., i. 190, n.
191, w.
Heaps, i. 94, n. 103, n.
, Mr., ii. 149, n.
, Mrs., i. 166, 167.
, Rock, i. 28.
Whitehall, (London,) ii. 418. White Hart, (Greenwich,) ii. 417. Whitestown Bridge, i.232. Whelan, Martin, ii. 49.
Wicklow, i. 98. 257. 330. 342, 343. 345.
, County of, i. 331. 334,
335, 336,337,338, 339.341.
liv
INDEX.
343,344,345,346,347,348, 349,350,351.353,354,355, 356, 357,358.361,362.364. 366, 367. ii. 226. 280. 290. 331. 356.
Wicklow Gap,i. 75. 90.
Militia, i. 345.
Mountains, ii. 9. 95.
290,71.
Yeomanry, i. 334.
Wiggan, Serjeant, ii. 19. 21.
Wilkinson, , ii. 1.
Willaumez Island, ii. 241, ti. Willcocks, Major, i. 24, n. Wil-le-me-rig, ii. 150, n. Williams, Charles, ii. 147, n. Wilson, Robert, ii. 52, 53, 54. Windmill Hills, i. 185, n. Wingfield, i. 84, n.
Yeomanry, i. 81, n.
83, n, 84, n.
Wolfe, , i. 102.
Wollihan, , (or Sullivan,) ii.
221, n. 230, 231. 235. Woodcock, Mr., ii. 417.420. Woolley, Joseph, ii. 342.
Wright, Mr.,i. 274,275.
,Rev. G.N.,i. 91,77. 158,
77. 163, 77. ii. 290, n.
, Samuel, ii. 102, n.
Wynne, Sir Watkin Williams, i. 79, 77.
Y.
Yem-mer-ra-wan-nie,ii. \ 5^,note. Ye-ra-ni-be, ii. 166, n.
Y , Duke of, i. 160.
York, Duke of, ii. 294.
M E M O I R S
OF
JOSEPH HOLT.
I WAS born in the year 1756. My father was John Holt, of Ballydaniel, in the parish of Castlemacadam, in the county of Wicklow ; a comfortable farmer, who held a farm there, at a low rent, and it is still in possession of the family of John my elder brother. I had five brothers, John, Thomas, William, Joshua, and Jonathan, and a sister Mary.
The Holts were descended from one of those protestant settlers who were introduced into Ireland in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I., on the forfeiture of the families of O’Toole and O’Byrne.
I was inclined to farming and a country life, in which my father indulged me. My brothers
n
1756.
VOL. I.
o
EARLY LIFE.
1773. were brought up to trades ; one became a brick- layer, and another a carpenter. I was sent to be instructed by John Low, the steward and gardener of a Mr. Sweeny, of the county of Dublin, near Bray, under whom I continued five years and three months ; after which time 1 went to the north of Ireland to improve my- self in farming, but I remained there only a short time.
1778. On my return to Dublin, I was accosted one morning, in the Phoenix Park, by Captain Fitzgerald, of the Thirty-second Regiment of Foot, who was employed in recruiting for the East India Company ; and who, observing me to be an able-bodied young man, was anxious to get me as a recruit. He offered to make me a Serjeant in the first instance, and to employ me in recruiting. I agreed to his proposal, and in the course of twenty-one days obtained thirty-two recruits. My father and mother, however, prevailed on me to give up my in- tention of going into the army, and to please them I obtained my discharge, and remained at
1780. home with my parents until the year 1780.
1782. In 1782 I married Hester Long, of Round- wood, in the county of Wicklow. She was the
PATRICK P GOERS, THE ROHRER.
daughter of a comfortable protestant farmer, a tenant of Andrew Price, Esq. I tlien took a small farm, and soon after became over- seer of public works in the parish of Dirrelos- sery and the barony of Ballynecor. I also obtained a commission as deputy billet-master, under Sir John Blaquiere, K. B., and held it till the year 1798. I also held the office of deputy Alnager for the counties of Wicklow and Wexford, and sealer of old woollen- drapery from the same gentleman.
In 1794, a band of robbers, who had their head-quarters in Dublin, made inroads into the county of Wicklow, and robbed several persons in the neighbourhood of Round wood. For some time they committed their depredations with impunity, and were so daring that they became a terror to that part of the country. Among others they robbed Luke Toole of Annamoe, Laughlin Byrne of Ashtown, Christopher Limes of Nucroheen, Mr. Thomas Bell near Delgany, and many more.
At the head of this gang was a noted robber, named Patrick Rogers, a man of great personal strength and determination of character ; he resided in the neighbourhood, and knew every
n 2
1782.
1794.
PATRICK ROGERS, THE ROBBER.
94. filstness in the very difficult and intricate coun- try around. A large reward was offered for his ap|)rehension. One day, in the August of this year, I met Andrew Price and Francis Eard- ley, Esqrs., with two other persons, who spoke to me, and asked me if I had seen Rogers ; and they told me of the reward offered. Higgin- botham, one of the men, proposed to me to set ” Rogers, that is, to watch him, and lay a plan for taking him, and offered to give me 100/. of the reward if they were successful. I looked at him scornfully, and said, “ I am no setter ; I would not pretend to be a man’s friend for the purpose of betraying him. All is fair against an enemy, while he is one ; but spies and in- formers have ever been justly held in detesta- tion. Rogers is a bold fellow, and would not be taken by any man whose courage was not equal to his own ; but if you really want to take him, I will promise to do it. Mind, how- ever, that it will not be by treachery. I will take him in a fair, straight-forward manner.”
Mr. Price, who had a good opinion of me, and always was my friend, cried out, Bravo, Holt, I am not deceived in you ; I said you were the man, if any in the country could do it.
CHASE AFTER RO(iERS.
who would apprehend Rogers. He is not a 1794. cowardly treacherous setter, Higginbotham, but he is able and willing to serve the public and his neighbours by bringing a notorious robber to justice.”
Higginbotham then asked me if I thought myself able to take Rogers, which put me so much on my metal that I said I could take two such men, and more than that, would do so ; and I immediately proceeded to put my promise into execution, which I performed after a chase of five hundred miles.
Having gained some clue to the course which Rogers had taken, I communicated it to Mr. Price, and obtained from that gentleman a let- ter to Mr. Thomas Bradnor, of Toomacork, who gave me two men to assist me. I then proceeded to Newtown Barry, where I struck off the road to a shebeen house, or cabin, in which whiskey is sold without a license. It was kept by a person named Bulger. There we dis- mounted and called for half a pint of whiskey, and entered into conversation with the said Bulger. 1 ascertained that a person resem- bling Rogers had lately been there, inquiring for a place called Mullanasmareen ; I talked
(J
CAPTURE OF ROGERS.
1794. familiarly about him, and said we had been in a fray together; which being reconciled, I was going to bring him home again ; Bulger, thrown off his guard, told me the person I wanted was at the Widow Hughes’s, of Mulla- nasmareen, or at Tom Neill’s, of Ballycristal. We had a second half pint, and having paid for the whiskey, we proceeded in search of Rogers. The man who was with me, knew the country well, and told me when I came near to the Widow Hughes’ cabin. I then disnlounted, and having lighted the candle of my dark lantern, put it in my pocket.
It was quite dark when I dismounted at the Widow Hughes’s door, which I forced in, and in- quired for a woman who I said had robbed my wife. I searched the house, but Rogers was not there. Keeping a good look-out, I observed a little girl run from the cabin. I followed her to Tom Neill’s house, from which I saw a naked man start out, whom I pursued to the top of a hill, where I found Rogers in the act of putting on his small- clothes. I went up to him boldly, and told him he was my prisoner ; he immediately submitted, and said he was glad to surrender to a person from his own neighbourhood ; but his humility
COMMITTAL OF KOOK US.
7
was only feigned, for having put me oh' my guard, he sprung upon me, and brought me to the ground, and that undermost. But I was too strong and active for him, and by a vigor- ous effort succeeded in throwing him off, and obtained the advantage by getting uppermost.
I kept him down, and after much struggling, secured him, by tying his hands behind him with my garters. Shortly after my two com- rades, Derman and Dobbs, came up to my assistance, and asked how it was they had lost sight of me. I told them that I was too keen a sportsman to lose sight of my game after having once had him in view.
We then proceeded to James, of
Ballycristal, Esq. a magistrate. He had the character of being a very determined man, and my comrades thought he would most likely fire upon us if we went at that unseasonable hour of night. But I was not to be alarmed, and went up to Mr. James’s house. Having rapped, and rung the bell, that gentleman threw up his bed-room window, and demanded our business. I told him my name, and said I had .the great robber Pat Rogers in custody, and I wanted his protection. It was now about two
1794.
8
COMMITTAL OF ROGERS.
1794. o’clock in the morning. Mr. James instantly came down and admitted us, and Rogers was effectually secured. In the struggle with Ro- gers I had dropped my pistols in the field, which I now went to seek for, and having found them I returned.
About five in the morning we took leave of Mr. James, and proceeded to Newtown Barry with our prisoner, where we entered the inn to get breakfast. It was soon buzzed about that Rogers was in custody, and the neighbouring magistrates assembled ; among them was Henry Gowan, Esq. brother of Hunter Gowan, who told me they would commit Rogers to Wexford gaol, as he was taken in that county. This I resisted, and told them I would not give him up, being my prisoner, till I had lodged him in Wicklow gaol, as in that county his robberies had been committed, and that any man who at- tempted to rescue him from me should have the contents of my pistols in his body. The magis- trates left me with my prisoner, to whom I gave a good breakfast. Rogers had sprained his ankle in the struggle with me, and was so lame that he was unable to move without great pain.
The magistrates having supplied me with a
COMMITTAL OF ROGERS.
9
horse, Rogers was mounted, and his legs se- cured by being tied together. The magistrates sent an escort with him to the bounds of the county of Wexford, where I released the unfor- tunate man’s legs from the cords, which gave great pain to his sprained ankle. I took my prisoner to Major Chamney, of Ballyrahin, who congratulated me on my success, and asked me whose warrant I had ? and was surprised to hear that I had no warrant, but had undertaken this business from a romantic pique, just to show what could be done by a determined man. Mr. Chamney ordered me some refreshment, and having sent to Henry Moreton, Esq. a neighbouring magistrate, he, on my affidavit as to the identity of Rogers, for whose apprehen- sion a large reward was offered in the Dublin Gazette, made out his committal to Wicklow gaol, and sent for two constables named Francis Rice and William Kendrick to assist me, and I was made special for the occasion. We then proceeded to Tinnahely, where we stopped all night. Having handcuffed one of the con- stables to the prisoner, I secured him safely, and the 'next day lodged Rogers in Wicklow gaol. I obtained from Rogers the names of
1794. .
10
CAPTURE OF ROBBERS, &C.
179E several of his gang, and for three months after- wards amused myself in the pursuit of these criminal depredators, with the same gratification as glows in the breast of a true sportsman in the pursuit of animals of the chase ; and this I did without fee or other reward.
Were I to specify the particulars of each cri- minal I was instrumental in bringing to con- dign punishment, it would tire Fabian to relate my exertions* in taking robbers, pick-pockets, coiners, and other disobeyers of the laws. But
* Holt probably alludes to “ Fabyan’s Chronicle.” Semi- literate Irishmen invariably seize upon all occasions to ex- hibit the full extent of their knowledge, and the result is a national reputation for oratory : —
‘‘ He who speaks best — speaks most at random,
And they admire who least can understand ’im.” Stanyhurst, more than two centuries ago, j udiciously quizzed the fondness to display classical knowledge, in ,such of his countrymen as he termed “ unlearned Rithmours.” When praising a deceased person, Stanyhurst asserts that they com- pare him to —
for wit Mars, Bacchus, Apollo,
Scipio for warfare, for gentle curtesie Csesar,
A great Alexander, with a long white neck like a gander. In years a Nestor, for wars a martial Hector,
Hannibal and Pompey, with Tristram, Gallahad, Orkney. Hercules in coasting, a Vulcan mighty toasting.
In wisdom Solomon, for strength and courage a Sampson ;
EMPLOYMENTS.
I I
I can refer to Captain Thomas Archer of Mount 1794. John. I had such an element in punishing cri- minals as induced me to go to Dublin, where 1 apprehended Martin Synnot, a celebrated coiner in Newstreet, who had long evaded and defied justice; also, John Morgan and Thomas Kee- nan : — in fine, my name became a terror to evil doers.
I still continued Alnager, and being attentive to my business, I was selected by Francis Synge,
Esq. (a gentleman of fame in those parts, for taking care of roads, bridges, pipes, gullets, &c.) as his deputy overseer of eighty-four perches of
For justice Radamanthus, in equity worthy Lycurgus,
And not a Thersites, but he was a subtile Ulysses.
In learning Socrates, in faithful friendship Achates,
Yea, though he stand nameless, he was in powers Achilles,”&c.
An Irish village bard in modern song, asserts that his mistress, his —
“dear and fair CEolian love.
Resembles Venus bright, or gentle Jove.”
And “honest Dick Millikin,” who seems to have written the far famed “ Groves of Blarney/’ in the same spirit as Stanyhurst’s burlesque, declares that —
“ There are statues gracing this noble place in.
Sweet heathen gods and nymphs so fair.
Bold Neptune, Plutarch, and Nicodemus,
All standing naked in the open air.”
1*2
HINTS FOR ROAD MAKERS.
1794. road leading from Dublin to Roundwood ; and the manner in which I executed the work pleased him so well that he continued me many years his sub-overseer of roads. It has been often said, I do not doubt, that the bee gathers honey from the hellebore and the deadly night- shade, as well as from the wholesome, innocent, and beautiful plants, and that good may be ac- quired even from the observance of evil in others. I have found this in many instances. It was by observing the blunders, clumsy con- trivances, and awkward manner in making roads which led me to consider of a better plan. Often have I laughed at the stupid intellect of the man who could not observe that water will not run up hills ; and have seen his mouth wide open with astonishment, after he had dug a trench for it, that the obstinate water would not leave the spot it was in ; and when it was pointed out to him that the fall was the other way, he was indeed then awake, apparently, as from a dream. Having made another drain, he found the water well behaved and tractable, running off as well as could be wished. This may be said of other people beside road-makers, and of higher matters, but some people cannot
REFLECTIONS ON THE REliEI.LION.
be improved or convinced by years or centuries of experience, but go on jog-trot, without an idea that their horse can canter or gallop. Others who are doing well forget that the system they are pursuing is good; but if they are wise they should follow on and continue, merely because they are thriving, and the plan they are on answers the end ; yet how often do we see a man who is thriving make alterations and change his plans, in hopes of doing better, and thus make a wreck of his affairs. I think, and have always observed it to be as bad a policy to give up a prosperous concern, or change a successful system, as to persist in an unsuccess- ful one. We may be assured that the good or evil lies in the thing itself, a good one will always succeed, a bad one never will answer, and the sooner it is given up the better. Water will not run up a lull''
I now approach the fatal year of 1798, which brought upon Ireland so much misery and mis- fortune ; made so many wives, widows; children, orphans ; parents, childless ; most of the peasants houseless; and all the population wretched ; victims to one or other party, often to both. Houses were burned, and their inhabitants
1791.
1798.
14
PRESENTMENT FOR ROAD MAKING.
1798. butchered; infancy, sex, or age, was often no protection ; with the old and infirm, the young Orangemen and heretic, fell victims to the cruelty of the enraged rebel; frequently made a monster by the wrongs he had suffered, he retaliated by repeating the cruelties perpe- trated on his infirm parents and little ones ; and the Orange Yeoman and soldier, with a like ferocity, shed the blood of many old and innocent people, even without remorse or pity. There were brilliant examples of mercy and humanity, but they were not so many or of such frequency as the "milk of human kind- ness’ would have hoped for.
Mr. , of , thinking I knew some-
thing of road making, appointed me to mea- sure and prepare the necessary papers for a presentment for. the repair of 184 perches of road leading from Newtown Mount Kennedy to Roundwood, and also for the repairs of the bridge of Vartrey, the whole amounting to 89/. 12^. (jd. which was duly presented at the Spring assizes at Wicklow, which I executed
as joint observer with Mr. . I advanced
all the money and paid my people every Saturday night, Mr. , never either at-
APOLOGY FOR HOLt’s CONDUCT.
15
tending to the business or supplying a farthing of money.
I must solicit indulgence if I be tedious in my recital of this affair ; to it may be attri- buted the notoriety I acquired, and the laby- rinth of misfortune in which I became en- tangled. But for it I should probably have passed a life of obscurity, but of quietness and peace, and have been spared many almost heart-breaking adversities. I was proceeding with my little affairs prosperously, and as my ambition was not soaring, I was contented with my lot, and the blessings I enjoyed were quite equal to my desires. I had a comfort- able quiet home, an affectionate wife, healthy and endearing children, a contented mind, and withal was grateful for the blessings I enjoyed : all these were dashed from me in the unhappy year of which I speak. I was driven from my house and my children, forced into an association I detested, and became at length the political and military leader of a body of individuals of a mixed character; many, like myself, unwilling participators in the rebellion, but we had no choice left but continuance. I had to wade through innumer-
1798.
1()
APOLOGY FOK HOLTS CONDUCT.
1798. able and painful sorrows. It has indeed made my name known and celebrated, but I paid a great price for the eminence I rose to, and might have ended my life by a shameful and disgraceful death, had not the Almighty been -pleased by many signal providences to have preserved me, and at length so favoured me that I have returned to my country and family, with an unblemished reputation. I am an humble, but I trust a respected individual, having been restored to the character of a loyal subject, and I should never have been otherwise than loyal, had I been left any other alternative than of dying like a dog, a victim to the private malice of those, who were armed with the power of destroying any one they wished to get rid off ; or making them fly like myself for protection, to the rebels in the mountains.
But I am indulging in reflections which should come in hereafter, and I will, therefore, conclude now with saying, that individuals, as well as communities and governments, would do well to give up or change all measures which produce evil; but they ought to persist in those which are found by experience to have been
APOLOGY KOH HOLTS CONDUCT.
17
useful and productive of a healthy state of society. Self-preservation was the motive which drove me into rebellion — a respect for the oath of the united Irishmen, which I had taken, kept me faithful to my engagements as one, but as to effecting a change in the government, it gave me little trouble or thought. Reform was much more necessary among the people of all ranks than the government, which was good enough for me. If the laws were fairly and honestly administered, the people would have little reason to complain. It was private wrongs and individual oppression, quite unconnected with the government, which gave the bloody and inveterate character to the rebellion in the county of Wicklow. The ambition of a few interested individuals to be at the head of affairs first lighted up the flame every where. How much misery and wretchedness, and what horrors that selfish ambition produced I can scarcely trust myself to relate ; I have, how- ever, the comfortable reflection, that I saved the lives of many. I never shed blood — but to punish villany; in my own defence; fair battle; or where I could not do otherwise without being sacrificed myself ; and I attribute to that VOL. I. c
1798.
IS
APOLOGY FOR HOLT’s CONDUCT.
175^8. circumstance, under the protection of Almighty God, the numerous and wonderful escapes I have had from destruction.
The poor people engaged in the Irish rebel- lion of 1798, had very little idea of political government. Their minds were more occupied with their own sufferings or enjoyments ; and many, I might say, most, were compelled to join in the rebellion on pain of death ! They liad no choice, therefore, and great allowances should be made for such miserable creatures, when they fall into the hands of government.
Those who instigate rebellions are the great criminals, not the poor wretches who are driven by circumstances they cannot control, into acts of violence. They are merely the instruments; it is nearly as wise to destroy the musket with which a man was shot, instead of the man who pulled the trigger, as to put an unfortunate creature to death who appears as a rebel to avoid instant death, or who is, by infernal agency, persuaded that the government, or those in power, wish or contemplate his de- struction.
To return to my narrative.
I applied to the treasurer of the county, Mr.
APOLOGY FOR HOLTS CONDUCT.
19
Critchley, for the money due for the work done under the presentments before-mentioned, and
found it had been paid to Mr. , my head
overseer ; and, by the treasurer’s directions, I called on Mr. — ■ — , for the money, who pro- mised to give it to me day after day, but he kept me out of it until my patience was abso- lutely exhausted. Nine times did I call on him by appointment, and was always put off with the same evasion, and an appointment and promise of payment on a future day. At length I was so provoked, that I told him I should take legal means to enforce it. I wanted money at the time, and the urgency of the de- mands on myself, made me press him for what he so unjustly withheld. I went to the treasurer of the county and told him I would apply for legal advice, but as I was going away I was recalled, and Mr. Critchley paid me, and said, he would deal with Mr. ^.himself.
Mr. , I have been informed, declared that
he would be even with me, and his revenge fol- lowed suddenly, for he wickedly and inhumanly took advantage of the times to accomplish my destruction ; he destroyed my property, made my wife and family houseless, and endeavoured
c 2
1798.
‘20
CRl F.LTir.S UNDER MARTIAL LAW.
1798. to make her a widow, and my children orphans. The cruelties of this man to others as well as to myself, were most notorious. He was the first that commenced burning houses in that part of the county of Wicklow, after the pro- clamation of martial law. In one morning he consumed fourteen houses of his own tenants. He went to one of them and demanded his rent, who promised to pay it in a week, as he had a piece of flannel which he should soon finish, and as soon as he sold it he would pay the rent. ‘‘ I will give you a receipt in full — you are a rebel,” said he, and drawing his pistol, shot him dead on the spot. It was very early in the morning, and the poor man was in jiis shirt, having j ust risen from his bed . Mr. — remarked, “ I saved the rascal’s wife the trouble of strip- ping him.” This may be taken as a specimen of the acts of this man.
I am not able to. give any account of the early workings of the Rebellion, or its silent progress, when preparations were making for its breaking out, any more than any other casual observer.^
* “ In the spring and summer of 1797 strong symptons of disaffection began to appear in it [the county of Wicklow], such as cutting down trees to make pike handles, sounding
INDICATIONS OF THE REliELLlON.
No man could live in those times, without per- ceiving* that a disturbed and uneasy something
of horns, meetings of the people on moon -light iiights for the purpose of exercising, and firing shots to intimidate and keep within their houses the loyal inhabitants. Some vigi- lant and intelligent magistrates, seeing that nothing but active and seasonable exertions could save the country from destruction, had the landholders and principal inhabitants convened, to take its alarming state into consideration. Not- withstanding the most indubitable proofs that treason fer- mented and had made a considerable progress in the country, which was evinced by the facts wliich I have stated, many noblemen and gentlemen were so incredulous, in consecpience of the artful conduct, and gross misrepresentation of the dis- affected, and of the readiness of the multitude to take the oath of allegiance, as not to believe that they had treasonable designs, and for that reason, the meetings were frecpiently adjourned ; and instead of adopting vigorous measures, the most friendly and pacific addresses to the people were pub- lished, inviting them to respect the laws, and to return to a sense of their duty.
“The Committees of the United Irishmen regarded their patience and forbearance, as cowardice and pusillanimity ; and the lower class of people became daring and insolent, pulling down the pacific resolutions of the county meetings, and denouncing vengeance against such magistrates and loyal subjects, as expressed a disapprobation of their seditious proceedings, or had taken an active part against them; and at length it became dangerous for persons of that description to traverse the country for fear of being assassinated.
“ At last they were driven to the necessity of proclaiming the whole county, as the infection had spread very widely- Some parts of it had been proclaimed lOtli November, 1797.
o
INDICATIONS OF THE REBELLION.
1798. was brewing, and agitating men’s minds ; and the sudden sobriety and orderly conduct of the
The general meetings ot the people, in their respective dis- tricts I have already mentioned. It had a most terrific appearance in the country round Newtown-Mount-Kennedy. The people in considerable numbers, headed by their captains, and variously armed, paraded there. On being interrogated by the gentlemen of the county, who remonstrated to them on the dangerous consequences of their conduct, they said in excuse, that they assembled in defence of their persons and property, against the Orangemen, who, they said, con- spired against them, and were to rise and cut off every per- son of their persuasion, without exception.
‘‘ I have already mentioned that such reports were framed for no other purpose, but to kindle an inextinguishable hatred in the Roman Catholics against the Protestants; and the effects of it appeared afterwards in the massacres which took place in the counties of Wicklow, Wexford, Carlow, Meath, Dublin, Kildare, Mayo and Sligo.
“ Matters remained in that state, till the spring of 1798, when a paper containing the proceedings and resolutions of the county of Wicklow Committee was obtained, and was afterwards proved upon oath before the Secret Committee of the House of Lords, which showed the extent and malignity of the conspiracy.
Government still desirous, if possible, to avoid harsh and coercive measures, and to induce the people to return to their duty and their allegiance, by mild and conciliating means, Lieutenant-General Craig, by their orders issued a proclamation, dated the 11th May, 1798 [printed by Mus- grave, Appendix, No. xvi. 3], and Major Hardy, a humane gentleman and a judicious officer, who then commanded in that county, used the most zealous endeavours to the same end.
INDICATIONS OK THK liEBKLLION,
23
lower classes was very remarkable.* But tlic secret was kej)t from all those not sworn, with a surprising fidelity. Still rumours were afloat, and people suspected all was not right; accounts of events were spread before the events hap-
“ Early in the month of May, as the country was in such an alarming state, that no loyal subjects could with safety remain in their houses, the yeomen of the district Avere ordered into garrison at Newtown-Mount-Kennedy.’^
“ From the beginning of the year 1797, it was perceived by some magistrates of discernment, that the lower classes of the people were very unwilling to pay their debts, or to fulfil any engagements. That they appeared surly when called on to do so; and they were heard, when angry, or drunk, to hint on such occasions, that they would soon have an oppor- tunity of being revenged. They were seen to remain later than usual at fairs and markets, and in public houses, and to confer together in whispers.” — Sir Richard Musgraves Irish Rebellions.
* “ For some months previous to the rebellion the priests strongly inculcated the necessity of sobriety and peaceable demeanour, to lull the magistrates and government, and to prevent the rebels from betraying their secrets, which had such an immediate and universal effect, that the whiskey houses were deserted, and those who had been the most notorious drunkards, could not by any persuasion be in- duced to drink any spirits, and abstained from broils and quarrels, and particularly seditious language in any mixed assemblies.
“ Such instructions penned with energy and elegance, were printed and circulated among the people, which rapidly
1798.
24
INDICATIONS OF THE REBELLION.
1798. pened ; and nightly meetings were held of large bodies of men. These and other indications that something unusual was going forward, could not of course escape my notice.
I was at this period fully occupied, and had
produced an apparent reformation in their manners, to the great surprise of those who were ignorant of the secret mo- tives which occasioned it.” — Sir Richard Musgrave' s Irish Rebellions.
It appears to be the opinion of those best acquainted with Ireland, that a lull in the turbulence of the Irish peasantry is a fearful omen of meditated insurrection. See upon this point the evidence of Major Willcocks before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1 824.
Major Willcocks is asked —
Are the fightings [at fairs] less frequent at those periods [of intended civil commotion] ?
“ I think they are.
“ Have you ever heard any gentleman in the country say, that it was a good sign that people were fighting each other, for that then they would not attack them, or words to that effect ?
“ I have heard gentlemen of the country say, and Magis- trates, that it was a good sign to see the lower classes at war with each other, for then it was not to be supposed that they were combining against the State.”
By the same Committee it is observed to Mr. Blackburne, that
“ Since these disturbances [1821] have commenced in the country, fighting at fairs has been in a great measure dis- continued?
“ I believe,” he answers, generally speaking, the effect
EMPLOYMENTS.
the unlimited confidence oi' my employers. 1 nye. was wood-ranger, sales -master, and general manager in Ballycorry, for Mr. Tottenham, as well as for Mr. Miles, and Bryan Byrne of Ballynabarney and Kurakea, and my income from all these situations enabled me to support my family in a decent comfortable manner. I was also billet-master of the army, and billetted a part of the Antrim militia in the houses of the neighbourhood, and a serjeant and his wife in my own house, where I had a spare bed. It was well for me I did so, as will soon appear. I had that year made great exertions to finish my road work, presented at the Spring Assizes, which I had accomplished, and was now cutting my turf, that I might have my summer work in a forward state, little dreaming of politics or any other thing than my lawful affairs, or of the destiny which awaited me, or the enterprizes I should soon be called on to undertake.
As I was alert and active I was up with the
of general associations has been to discontinue the number of fights at fairs.
“ Explain to the Committee the reason.
“ Because it reconciles and unites, in the pursuit of a com- mon object, conflicting leaders, and persons wlio generally engage in those affrays.”
1
() SUSPECTED OF BEING A REBEL.
1798. lark and about my business, recollecting the old proverbs, "‘He that would thrive should rise at five,” and “The early bird gets the worm.” Though, by the latter rule, it would have been more prudent for the worm not to have been out so early, whatever it might have been for the bird. But it was fortunate for me to be
out, or would have settled me ; however,
whether or not, my habit was to rise early.
One morning about half- past five, Mr.
before-mentioned, of road money memory, came to my house with a party of the Fermanagh Militia, and calling my wife out, inquired where I was ? She told him I was cutting turf, and he went away. He returned again about ‘ twelve o’clock, made the same inquiry, and went away.
I returned home to dinner, and having heard
of the visits of I began to suspect he
meant me no good, and yet I could not imagine any mischief he could do me, as I knew there was no guilt in me. While I was musing about the matter, the serjeant’s wife came into the room much excited, and said to me, “God help you, poor man, your life is in danger.” I rose up and asked her what she meant. She said.
HOLT FLIES FOR SAFETY.
27
‘‘ Your house is condemned, and I am ordered out of it, why I do not know.” I went to the
door, and from thence saw Mr. with a
party of soldiers in the direction of the turf bog where I had been employed.
I recollected his threat of revenge, and judg- ing of his malicious disposition from his burning his own tenants’ cabins, and shooting the man, as I have before related, I felt that innocence would be no protection against him, and that if he got me in his power, he would assuredly murder me. I was so strongly impressed with this belief, and also thought that if any of the friends or connections of the many villains I had been the means of bringing to justice, swore falsely against me that I was a rebel, it would be of little avail that 1 was innocent, especially if I was once in his power. I therefore thought it most prudent to get out of the fangs of this wolf ; and I took my sword cane, a brace of pistols, and some money. Hastily bidding good bye to my wife, my son, and daughter, I left my home.
I crossed Vartrey river* and proceeded to
* The Vartrey is a mountain stream close to the Hamlet of Roundwoocl. Its course lies for about three miles from
1798.
8
HOLT FLIES FOR SAFETY.
1798. White Rock, formerly occupied by Mr. Edwards, at this time in the possession of Mr. James M'Clatchy, sub-sheriff of Wicklow,^ where I sat down, meditating on my situation, and not knowing what to think or what step to take
next, hardly believing it possible that Mr.
would proceed to extremities so far as to injure my family or property, though he might have taken a personal revenge upon me.
How soon was I undeceived : about seven o’clock in the evening, like Lot’s wife, I looked back in the direction of my home, where I had left all that was dear to my heart, my
Roundwood over a rocky and gravelly bed, through open and easy banks, until its waters are precipitated about one hundred feet with great force and fury into the Devil’s Glen, forming a picturesque and irregular cascade.” — Angling Excursions of Gregory Greendrake in Ireland^ 1824.
There is a river of the same name in the County of Kerry, which falls into Valentia Harbour, and both are so called from the Irish word ■pe4|t'6riT), rain, because their waters are considerably augmented in wet weather. See note at page 33.
* The name of “ James M‘Clatchy, clerk of the peace,” appears to an address from the magistrates of Wicklow to the inhabitants of that county, dated 3d April, 1798, which was printed and generally circulated; and may be found in Mus- grave. Appendix xvi. 1. Lord Powerscourt presided at the meeting from which this pacific document emanated.
burning of holt’s house.
29
darling wife and children, and my neat well ordered and comfortable habitation, where I enjoyed so much happiness, and had hoped to pass all my days in peace and quietness. I saw it in flames ! what were my feelings I leave to the reader to imagine ! it is impos- sible for me to describe them, it was more than man could bear. I did not know the extent of the infliction ; my property was de- stroyed, my wife and children houseless and destitute, that I knew; perhaps too they had been murdered. I roused myself from brood- ing over my misfortunes, and vowed revenge, and I made the vow in the fullness of my wrath : gracious God ! forgive me, I knew not what I did.* I was wild with grief, and agi-
* Holt’s case, if correctly stated by him, may be quoted in illustration of “ the recipe to make a rebel,” published in the Courier newspaper of 22d June, 1798.
“Take a loyal subject, uninfluenced by title, place or pen- sion; hum his house over his head; let the soldiery exercise every species of insult and barbarity towards his helpless family, and march away with the plunder of every part of his property they choose to save from the flames,” &c.
“ To authorize the burning- of houses and furniture, the wisdom of administration may have seen as good reason for, as for other acts of severity, though to me and many others that reason is not clear. These burnings doubtless caused no
1798.
30
BURNING OF HOLT’s HOUSE.
1798. tated by the strongest feelings of detestation and hatred against the monster who had, as I believed, from malice, brought such miseries upon a wife and children that were a thousand
small terror and consternation to the disaffected, but they caused also a loss to the community at large, rendered many quite desperate who were deprived of all^ and augmented the violence of hatred in those among whom these houseless peo- ple took refuge. The destruction of corn and other provi- sions, of which great quantities were consumed by fire, together with houses, was in my opinion worse than impolitic ; and its effects were felt in dearth and famine for two years after. Probably in this, as in other cases, the lower actors in the political scene sometimes exceeded the limits within which the wisdom of administration would have confined them, if that had been practicable after thefee had once been vested with authority.’' — Rev. James Gordon s History of the Re- bellion in Ireland of 1798.
“ Men notorious for every moral and political depravity were distinguished by the favour of government, and exer- cised the most wanton display of authority as ignorance or interest might suggest. The administration of the country perceived the evil, but had neither the firmness nor the jus- tice to redress it. Hence men of moderate political tempera- ment were victims to the suspicion or the resentment of those, who admitted no medium between the ardour of the democrat and the submissive loyalty of the mere tool to power. That fiery zeal which acknowledged no moral or constitutional guide, has often driven men, distinguished through life by the purest constitutional principles, to acts of the most un- measured resistance.” — Charles Hamilton Teelmg's Personal Narrative of the Irish Rebellion o/1798.
BURNING OF HOLTS HOUSE.
;u
times dearer to me than my own existence.
I pictured to myself a thousand evils which had befallen or would happen to them, and the contemplation drove me to madness. Like a fury I proceeded towards the Devil’s Glen, a name very appropriate to my frame of mind."^ On the way I was soon joined by my wife,
who told me that said, that he was little
satisfied with burning my house, and that he wished to have me in the flames. She gave me an account of the transaction. 1 had been accused of being a united Irishman, and ac- cusation was quite enough in the mind of a tyrant.. I was out at five in the morning on a summer’s day minding my business, which was proof of my guilt. I did not allow myself to be tamely butchered, or trust myself to the
* Sir Richard Musgrave states that, on Wednesday tiie 25th July, the rebels “ burned all the Protestant houses, [^'were, houses of the Protestants?] sixty in number, between Rathvilly and Hacketstown. This desolating spirit,” adds Sir Richard, “ was very much encouraged by the refusal of the general officers to assist the civil magistrates with troops to prevent it. Mr. Hume, member for the county, made
such an application to General ; but he openly and
bluntly refused him, having said, that such outrages were occasioned by the burning of houses by country gentlemen.”
1798.
32
THE devil’s glen.
1798. tender mercies of Mr. — , and, therefore, I must be guilty, and he proceeded to burn my house. The soldiers first broke open my desk, and took away the money and other valuable things that it contained ; then loaded themselves with my provisions, of which I had good store in beef, bacon, hams, &c. ; and turned my poor wife and children adrift in the world without a roof to shelter them, exposed to the merciless or wanton atrocity of the excited soldiery.
One Nailor, whom I had made by a device pay a sum of money that he owed to Edward Brady of Ballynacor, vowed revenge against me,, and the country being under martial law, this miscreant swore against me that I was a united Irishman, which was quite sufficient to doom me to death, and my property to destruction without further investigation.
10 May. On the 10th of May, 1798, I entered the Devil’s Glen,* where were collected a few un-
* The Devil’s Glen,” says the writer of Angling Excur- sions in Ireland (1824), “ is a scene of uncommon wildness and beauty, and whicli amply repaid the curiosity that led us to it. The Glen is about an English mile in length, and narrow; an excellent road has been perfected along the side of the stream by the proprietor of that side of the Glen, Mr. Tottenham of Ballycorry. The mountains on both sides rise
THE DEVIl/s (ILEN.
33
fortunate persecuted creatures like myself, and we recounted to each other our misfor- tunes and our wretched fate. We passed the night in a cave. On the 11th, Edward Saul, iiMay. an old man, and a friend of mine, came to
high and almost perpendicular, and exhibit as do the moun- tains at Luggelaw, the opposites of bare sterility and rich plan- tation; the one clothed to the very top in the various and beautiful tints of the oak, fir, larch, birch, holly, &c. broken by masses of grey rock, here and there protruding boldly through the surrounding foliage.”
“ A part of this wood suffered much immediately after the rebellion of 1798, to which sad period there is but too much reference by objects and circumstances throughout this county. It formed the retreat of some of the dispersed in- surgents, whom it was found necessary to burn out, and the black and scorched stumps of the trees and underwood ex- hibit to this day a memorial of the event. The opposite mountain is but slightly sprinkled with a few trees, and on the beetling crags of rock may be seen the hardy and agile goat cropping his adventurous food, and imparting animation to the scene. The river Vartrey, that precipitates its waters into the glen at its head, flows through it in a very picturesque manner, forcing its course over and between large masses and beds of rock, and forming a variety of pools, eddies and streams; after a heavy fall of rain, it becomes a roaring, im- petuous and sombre torrent, fretting between the opposing rocks, and speckling its dark and turgid waters with floating patches of white and yellow foam. The extremity of the glen opens upon a rude amphitheatre sprinkled with brush- wood, through which the stream, relieved from its vexed pas- sage, winds its more gentle and unobstructed way.”
VOL. 1.
D
34
THE devil’s glen.
1798. look for me, and brought me some refresh- ment. At least one-third of the people in the glen were Protestants, and loyal men, if they had not been driven into rebellion by oppression, and thus added to the ranks of revolt.^ Much conversation passed between us all on the terrific aspect of the times. I now found it difficult to discover who had escaped taking the oath of a United Irishman. It must have been diabolic influence which first in- stilled the idea of that oath into the heart of man ; but I trust the barbarous treatment I had received, and the unfortunate circum- stances in which I was placed, will be some
* Sir Richard Musgrave says, “ I did not hear of a single instance of disaffection among the Protestant yeomen in the county of Wicklow {except Holt, a low fellow, without any kind of principle, and a notorious robber), or that a person of that persuasion was concerned in the conspiracy or rebellion.”
This is not the place to enter into the question of the accuracy of Sir Richard Musgrave’s statements, or to vindi- cate Holt. I believe that posterity will do justice to Holt’s memory, and acquit him of being a fellow devoid of principle, and a notorious robber. Poor Holt,” observes Sir William Betham, in a communication which I received from him re- specting the publication of these volumes, “ it is evident, did not deserve to be described as an unprincipled ruffian by Musgrave; and I am sure Sir Richard would not have given him that character had he known Holt better.”
THE devil’s glen.
35
apology for my entering into the business, and for the excitement, and irritation produced in my mind, as well as the inevitable destruc- tion which awaited me if I had not fled from my persecutors, — and having fled, I was in the meshes of the rebellion. By taking the oath I could not recede, for I should then certainly perish, by not having a friend on either side ; besides, I had taken an oath, from which no power could absolve or free me. I had, in short, no alternative; I might escape *by con- tinuing a rebel to my king, but certain de- struction followed my return to the quarters of the military. I write from no disgust or bigotry against any sect or people, but I will not spare to mention and describe the cruelties and atrocities I saw committed. I write from my own knowledge, and not from hearsay or the information of others.
The night of the 12th of May, I retired to the cave in a rock of the Devil’s Glen ; a young man named John Arundel was my companion. Early the next day my kind friend Edward Saul, brought me provisions. Refreshed by them, I walked out, and was anxious to hear the opinions and feelings of the people in the
D 2
1798.
12 May.
13 May.
36
EXCURSION TO BALLINALEA.
1798. glen. I had no account of my dear wife and children. Loaded with sorrow; and vexed with the spirit of revenge, I brooded over my con- templated vengeance, turning in my mind how it might be best accomplished. Various were the schemes I planned, but they vanished from my mind for want of means to execute them ; at length I determined to let events unravel- themselves. Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.”
Like most Irishmen in despair, Arundel and myself determined to fly to whiskey to raise our spirits. We set off for Ballinalea, a small village about a mile distant from the Glen, crossed Ashford bridge, and entered the house of Thomas Kavanagh.^ His wife, who knew me, said My dear Mr. Holt, I pity your mis- fortunes, and will send you support for a year if I can do it with safety ; I have a good heart
* This was probably the Thomas Kavanagh mentioned by IMusgrave, as “ a Popish member of Lord Aldborough’s corps,” who appeared as a leader of the rebels. He offered to mount guard at Baltinglass in order to betray it to the insurgents, “ which he would have done, but that his treachery was dis- covered.”
Kavanagh was hanged and beheaded, and his head fixed on a May-pole at Baltinglass.”
CONDUCT TOWARDS TWO SIMKS.
37
to you, and so has Tom.” We drank freely, which only served to aggravate my mind, by bringing to my recollection my altered circum- stances and my family’s distress. Mrs. Ka- vanagh came running into the room we were in, saying, ‘‘ You will be taken, for here come Marks and Chapman.” ‘‘Are there but two?” said I. “ That’s all,” she replied. “ Then I will take thern,” said I. We then walked to- wards them, and accosted them.
• “ JDo you want me?” I asked.
• “ No, sir, was the answer.”
“You lie, you cowards; I know you came after me, but have not courage to attempt to fulfil your errand. Attempt it, and I’ll soon send you both to eternity.”
They walked off, and we entered the Glen. The drink now began to operate ; it kindled my affections, and deprived me of my prudence and caution ; I determined to set out in quest of my poor persecuted family. 1 borrowed a musket from one of my unfortunate comrades, and a few ball cartridges, prepared my pistols, and set off for Mullinaveig, but could obtain no tid- ings of mi) care.
There were several of the militia quartered at
1798.
38
FIRST APPEARANCE AS A REBEL.
1798. Mr. Price’s, and it happened just as I arrived at the ruins of my late happy dwelling, four of them were passing from Roundwood to Mr. Price’s. I was so exasperated by the prospect before me, and the desolation I saw, and know- ing they were all my sworn enemies, that alone, as I was, I fired upon them, which made them hasten their march into double quick time, and when they reached their quarters, they got under arms. The report soon spread that Holt, with a hundred armed men, was come, and had attacked a party of four, who, of course, fled from so numerous an enemy. They could not prudently do otherwise ; it took the whole hundred to Are a single shot from one musket.
I walked to a neighbour’s house, from whom I learned that the army had consumed all my substance, but that my wife and children were well. This was my first effort, as a military com- mander; I detached myself, the only being then under my command, to reconnoitre and gain in- formation, and having attacked and routed a party of the enemy and alarmed their out-posts, retreated in good order to head-quarters much to the satisfaction of the commander-in-chief of the hundred men, which the four militia men’s
LEAVES THE DEVIL’s GLEN. 3‘J
fears bad placed under my orders, but which nos. really was but my poor weary, wretched, and sorrowful self.
There were now about sixty unfortunates as- sembled in the Glen ; but persecution and op- pression daily increased our numbers. The new comers brought us intelligence of the melancholy state of affairs. Our situation was not only for- lorn and miserable, but dangerous. There were with us several persons whom I considered to be spies, and we were liable to be visited by the military and yeomanry, and also to be starved ; it therefore became necessary to consider what we must do. I called a council and proposed to move, but I found the majority against me; they were residents in the neighbourhood, and refused to leave the Glen. I had determined not to stay, and, therefore, took my departure, and without intending or hardly knowing what I was about, moved towards the ruins of my old dwelling where my heart and affections were, although there was nothing there to respond to my feelings.
I got as far as the grouse house at Luggelaw Mountain, where, fatigued and weary, I threw myself on the grass and slept soundly for some
40
MEETS WITH A PARTY OF REBELS.
1798. hours. Early next morning I arose, and look- ing towards the Glen, I saw it in a conflagration. It had been visited by the destroyers shortly after I had left it, guided by the spies I had suspected.
14 May. Ou my kiiees I gave thanks to God for my escape, and felt refreshed, and strengthened, by this great and striking proof of His merciful interposition. I proceeded on, without design, and without object, not knowing where to go or what to do. At length, seeing a smoke rising from a glen, I crossed over towards it; and after proceeding a short distance, I found about se- venty persons collected together cooking some fresh beef. They gave me a hearty welcome,, and asked me to partake of their meal, which hunger had compelled them to make where they could find it. I was equally famished, for I had not tasted any food for twenty-four hours.
A curious looking little fellow was the com- mander or chief of this party. Him they dignified with the title of Colonel Mac Mahon, and they seemed to adore him ; he appeared as a little king among them. Mac Mahon shortly after proposed to attack a house near Rathfarnham, where he said there was a great
COLON liL iAIAC MAHON.
41
deal of money, — a scheme not at all to my taste, and I accordingly declined having any thing to do with it, observing that I was no robber, and did not approve of such practices. The colonel wanted to have me tried as a spy when he found me not inclined to burglary ; but there were some among them who knew me well, and I escaped this danger. I stopped with them from Thursday to Saturday, when I suggested that we were not altogether safe in that place, and that it would be prudent to remove to a more elevated part of the country, where we should be more secure from surprise. The great majority agreed with me, but Mac Mahon said I might go alone, for none of them should stir. I answered, “ As to that, every man has the exercise of his free will. I will not stay here, for I am sure it is not safe quarters.” With lively emotion I leaped over a small brook, saying, My boys, any of you who wish to save your lives, come with me.” There were one hundred and eighteen at this time, of whom one hundred and sixteen followed me, leaving Mac Mahon with two men ; and those that fol- lowed resolved to obey me as their leader.
This was a remarkable day with me; hitherto
1798.
15 May. 17 May.
42
HOLT BECOMES A REBEL LEADER.
1798. I had been a forlorn unhappy wanderer with- out an object, farther than to escape from my persecutors. I now became the leader of a band of men, and I felt myself called upon to provide for their safety and support. They were altogether undisciplined and disorderly, but they declared themselves ready to obey my orders, and to submit to such instructions and directions as I should give them. I was uninstructed myself, or nearly so, in the art of
war, and military discipline, but my necessity drove me on ,the resources of my own mind ; so 1 began to consider what would be my best plan of operations. Extensive as the rebellion
was, the planners and schemers had no system of co-operation in the different counties : every one, as far as I can judge, was left to do the best he could. I considered that my plan was to keep to the mountains and difficult parts of the country, and to attack only such parties as I' could get into a disadvantageous situation : to surprise small parties, and harass the enemy by sudden attacks, where they were unprepared and kept a careless look-out. To enable me to do this, I had first to train my men to obey a command, and to make them act together.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE REBELS.
43
each to know his own division and company ; i798.
and I taught my officers to count off their men, to fire lying down, or on their knees, and to ad- vance or retreat stooping. My pike men were the most difficult to manage. I had to teach them to step in time, to face about, counter- march, wheel about, but particularly to disperse and form rapidly, and to march in quick or dou- ble quick time.. They were generally active, able young fellows, and alert as deer, and would puzzle a horseman to catch them. I soon found the value of the pike against cavalry.
On the 15th of June, we marched to the old i^june. iron mills, where we killed a bullock, being much in need of food. On the 16th we marched June, to Fancy Mountain, and there encamped. I sent out a foraging party, who brought a bullock to the camp, the property of Andrew Price,
Esq. ; it was a beast I had myself reared, and it was much against my inclination that I allowed it to be killed, but there was no help for it ; we must kill it or starve. I heard here from my unhappy family.
The foraging party brought with them eight j)risoners, Joseph Thomson, Richard Barry,
David Edge, William Edge, and four others.
44
TREATMENT OF EIGHT PRISONERS.
1798. They were brought before me for examination. Thomson was first examined ; he was wood- keeper to Frances Synge, Esq. I found nothing against him but negligence of duty; he had been attested as a united Irishman, but had not attended his duty. Barry was proved to have taken the oath of secrecy^ and was liberated. The two Edges were accused of being Orangemen, but it was mere accusation, no evidence was produced against them, so I ordered them to be kept till the evening, when I let them go, and that night they told Lord Powerscourt what had happened, and instantly joined his corps.^
* The following affidavit of Joseph and John Thomson, relative to this occurrence, has been preserved by Musgrave, Appendix, xvi. 4 : —
“ County of Wicklow, i The informations of Joseph and John to wit. 3 Thomson of Roundwood in the said
County, yeomen, father and son, who being duly sworn on the Holy Evangelists, say, That shortly after the patron of the Seven Churches, in June, 1798, they were taken prisoners by the rebels, and after some time they were brought to the Seven Churches, and kept prisoners in an old yard. When the Wexford rebels joined those of the county of Wicklow, they asked them, what they, the informants, and the other prisoners were? They received for answer, that they were bloody Orangemen. The Wexford men said, ‘ Why are you keeping them there? they should die.’ They were then driven by a mob of the rebels to the butt of the steeple ; [the an^
FIRST SKIRMISH. TRIAL OF PIKFS.
On the 17th June I marched to Glandisoun,
17 June.
which lies over the Valley of Glendalough or the Seven Churches, where I fell in with one hun- dred and eighty poor devils in a most deplorable situation, who all joined and placed themselves under my command.
On the 19th I got information that some yeo- 19. Tune, men were burning the cabins in the adjacent neighbourhood. . We had among us but thirteen guns fit for use, but we were not deficient in pikes, of which I wished to try the effect. I called my men to arms, and was determined to
dent round tower"\ they surrounded them, and made them kneel down and were going to pike them, when some of the rebels cried out, that, as they were Protestants, their blood should not be spilled on that blessed ground ; they were then taken to another part of the Seven Churches, again put on their knees and surrounded, first having been stripped of their shoes, hats, and clothes; and again some of the rebels cried out, that was blessed ground, and no Protestant blood should be spilled there, and that they should be taken to the mountains, there to be piked; that some of them, so far interfered in their behalf with the officers, that at last their lives were spared on condition of their joining the rebels, which they did, till they had an opportunity of escaping.
“ Joseph Thomson.
“ John Thomson.
Taken and sworn before me, this 20th day of June, 1799.
“ William Colthurst.”
46
FIRST SKIRMISH. TRIAL OF PIKES.
1798. arrest the progress of destruction if possible ; at all events to disturb the gentry in their amuse- ment. They were at least five miles from our encampment, and it was necessary to moVe ra- pidly. We met them on Ballinvalla hill. I got to windward of the army, and commenced firing. I was anxious to bring the pikes to action, but having no officers in whom I could confide, I was unable to do so with effect, and I did not much admire the position I was in. However, I sent two of my best men to the left, with directions to fire on their flank; this threw them into confusion, which gave an opportunity to the pikes to retreat down the hill, where the horse could not follow them. I thus secured a retreat without the loss of a single man.
The next government bulletin announced pompously that the rebels retired behind a ditch, but there was no ditch in the place, and the story was but a flourish, to account for their own defeat, which was the truth, for they were stopped in their amusement, and suffered some loss.* On their return, some of them got
* An account of this affair appears in the Courier news- paper of 26th June, 1798. It should be observed that “ ditch” and “ hedge” are synonymous words in Ireland.
DISPERSION OF THE REBELS.
47
their horses shod by Phelini Sally, who, wishing for payment, they shot him at his anvil. An- drew Price, Esq. can say if my account of this transaction be correct or not.
I then marched over the mountain till I be- came weary, when I lay down and fell asleep. In the morning I found myself on Blackamoore hill, near the heap of stones which made fast the gibbet where one Walter Read was suspended for some atrocious crime.
On the 20th, my men had dispersed after the action, and I wandered down to Whelp Rock, where I found a great number of poor creatures assembled, without order or control of any sort. I spoke to some of them who bore the title of captains, and asked them what they proposed to do in case they were attacked, and if they had any plan, but they seemed to be completely ignorant, and without system or any notion of
“ On the 19th instant, a detachment from Mount Kennedy, under command of Lieutenant M‘Lean of the Reay Fencibles, and Lieutenant Gore of the Mount Kennedy cavalry, attacked a body of near three hundred rebels near Ballinarush. The fire commenced from the rebels, who were posted behind a hedge on the top of a commanding hill. After an engage- ment of about twenty minutes, they gave way in every quar- ter, leaving twenty dead behind them.”
1798.
20 June.
48
HOLT ORGANIZES THE REBELS.
1798. regularity or discipline. I set about putting them in order, and forming them into com- panies, and commenced exercising them in the use of the pike. I found them pretty tractable, and they soon saw the advantages which were likely to result from the system I endeavoured to establish, and immediately agreed to obey me. If taken, instant death awaited us all ; it, therefore, behoved us to make the best fight we could, and not to throw away our lives as dastards or fools.
A little cool argument goes a great way with men in danger, and when put to them in a plain way, and brought home to their under- standings, that inevitable destruction awaits them if they do not try to avoid it, heedless as he generally is, Paddy can see a little into the consequences.
Our numbers were every day increasing, and our drilling and exercise were as regular as his majesty’s troops’ roll-call, and also the inspection of new comers, who were not permitted to join without examination, nor were any allowed to depart without leave ; information easily travels, and men may be destroyed by spies and in- formers.
THE MOVING MAGAZINE.
49
We had several women in the camp, and it \vill appear that they were not useless. 1 chose from among them, a tall rattling strong woman, and gave her the name of “ The Moving Maga- zine,” from the use I intended to make of her ; and the following narrative will show the very important services rendered by this person.
I despatched her to purchase two large earthen crocks, or vessels, such as buttermilk is kept in, and a quantity of saltpetre and sulphur, with which she soon returned. I made the men pull heath ; and burning it, turned it into charcoal, by- covering it with dry mould when fully ignited : 1 then ground it fine, and infused it in the crocks with the saltpetre and sulphur, and having mixed it well and allowed it to subside, poured off the water, and dried it in the sun. I thus ob- tained a good supply of tolerable gun-powder. It was soft, indeed, and not quite so good as the Battle or Dartford; but it exploded, drove a ball, and by using better powder for priming, it an- swered well enough.*
* “ Holt’s mixture,” in the slang of the day, was a term for inferior gunpowder. “ Lake’s pills for a breaking out,” (from General Lake), the term applied by the Yeomanry and Militia
1798.
VOL. I.
E
50
THE MOVING MAGAZINE.
1798. My y Moving Magazine” had a basket sup- plied with fruit, gingerbread, and such like trifles, as a cover to her real character ; she had also two large bags or pockets, one before and the other behind, under her petticoats, where she stowed away ball cartridges and ammuni- tion, which she obtained from the king’s troops, especially from the militia, who were generally disaffected, and many of whom afterwards de- serted to me, and brought with them their arms and ammunition. William Colthurst, Esq. me- tamorphosed Susy Toole, my ‘‘Magazine,” into a united Irishman, declaring in his testimony that every woman from Tinnahinch Bridge to Roundwood was a united Irishman. He was not far wrong as to their holding the same opinions.
“ My Moving Magazine” was about thirty years of age ; she was the daughter of Phelim Toole, a smith, near Annaraoe, who having no son, employed Susy in handling the sledge, — not a very ladylike or feminine accomplishment, it
to ball-cartridges. — ‘‘ Holt’s mixture” would have been perfect gunpowder, if he could have granulated it. From the want of granulation a considerable portion must have been blown away unfired in the explosion.
DESCRIPTION OF SUSY TOOLE.
must be admitted, — but it qualified lieradmirably i798. for the part she had to act in my service. She was about five feet eight inches high, when she stood .upright, which was not often, for by the habit of sledging she had acquired a stoop; but her shoulders, although round, were broad, and her limbs strong and sinewy. Her face when young was broad as a full moon, and her nose nearly flat to her face, having been broken by a stone in a faction fight, which much injured the uniformity and beauty of her countenance, and certainly made her any thing but an inviting ob- ject, giving her head very much the appearance of that of a seal. Her eyes had been both spared in the conflict, and were black and sparkling ; what they would have been in a handsome face, with a decent nose between them, I will not ven- ture to say ; but where they were, they had, when excited, a fiendish expression; yet she could put on an imploring and supplicating look to admi- ration. The mutilation of her countenance made her look very old, and when she wished to as- sume the appearance of age, no one would take her to be less than seventy. She had an extra- ordinary power of lengthening her face, by drop- ping her jaw, which altered her whole counte-
E 2
52
DESCRIPTION OF SUSY TOOLE.
1798. nance so much, that she did not seem the same person. With her outside dirty pepper-and- salt-coloured frieze cloak, her stoop, and drop- ped jaw, she could appear a decrepid, miserable baccagh,* scarcely able to crawl; but when it was necessary to act with vigour, her power- ful muscles and brawny limbs made her more than a match for many men. A blow from her clenched fist would alarm a man almost as much as the kick of a horse. She was not deficient in eloquent blarney and although she had never
* b4C4C, an Irish adjective, meaning lame, mutilated, or crippled. This word, formerly used as an epithet, (as in O’Donnell’s submission in 1531, “ Quia Felomeus (Phelim) Baccaghj fuit, &c.), has become in Ireland a general name for poor, wretched, and deformed creatures, and also for a certain description of wandering mendicants, not unlike the gaberlunzie man of Scotland.
t The term “ blarney,” is perfectly understood as meaning ‘‘sweet words” or “ smooth talk.” But the origin of it is not so generally known. In 1602, Lord Muskerry, the pos- sessor of the strong castle of Blarney, near Cork, was sus- pected by the Lord President of Munster, Sir George Carew, (afterwards Lord Totness), of intriguing with Spain for another invasion of Ireland, and of disaffection towards the English government. Sir George, therefore, determined to get Lord Muskerry into his power and also his strong-hold. The Chief was seized and brought before the Lord President
THli WHELP ROCK STATION.
53
been at Cork, had a tongue quite equal to her necessities ; she was quick in expedients, and ready with a reason for all occasions.
We remained unmolested, and .1 believe un- observed at Whelp Rock for some time, where
and Council of Munster for^ examination. Muskerry disa- vowed all negociation with Spain, and denied the charge of disaffection with indignity, upon which Sir George Carew artfully urged him “in token of his loyal and guiltless heart,” to deliver up his castle of Blarney into the hands of trustees, who would merely hold it until the charges against him were disproved. “ At first,” says the author of the “ Pacata Hibernia,” “ Lord Muskerry seemed very inclinable to the notion, but in process it was perceived that he intended nothing but juggling and devices.”
In this sentence it is not difficult to discover the origin of the idiom “ blarney,” in its widely extended and popular sense, as expressive of insincere profession, deceitful flattery, or mere quibbling; for, notwithstanding his professions, Lord Muskerry could not be prevailed upon to surrender his castle. Elsewhere in the same work, the conduct of Lord Muskerry, who, be it remembered, was subsequently summoned to Parliament as Baron of Blarney, is thus contrasted with that of other Irish Chiefs by whom a foreign enemy was invited into the country, and it possibly was “ a piece of blarney” urged by him in his defence, viz., that “ they solicited strangers to invade the kingdom, but strangers having invaded the king- dom, solicited him to partake with them.” The comment is, “ they were in publicke action professed traytors, and he a juggling tray tor.”
1798.
54
GAKUETT BVKNE.
EDWARD UTZGERALD.
1798. we were joined by Garrett Byrne, of Bally- manus,^ Fitzgerald,! *and many others, and
“ Garret and William Byrne of Ballymanus, who headed the banditti whicli committed these outrages and barbarities, piqued themselves on the antiquity of their family. Garret, the eldest brother, had an estate, and was reputed a gentleman from his birth, property, and education.” — Si?' Richard Musgrave,
“Garret and William Byrne surrendered themselves oti condition of being transported, but William having been concerned in variours murders was tried by Court Martial, and executed at Wicklow, 26th September, 1799.” — History of the Rebellion in Wexford, by George Taylor.
After surrendering himself upon terms granted by General [afterwards Sir John] Moore, Mr. Garret Byrne “ was sent into confinement in the castle of Dublin, together with Messrs. Fitzgerald and Aylmer,” [who had negociated terms with General Dundas.] “ Here they continued until the beginning of 1799, when Lord Cornwallis permitted them to retire to England, where they remained until the 25th of March following, when Messrs. Fitzgerald and Byrne were arrested at Bristol, (where they were for the recovery of their health), at the instance of persons connected with a strong Irish party for the Union, whom it was thought at that time advisable to indulge. These gentlemen afterwards retired to Hamburgh, where they have since resided.” [1803]. — ^ History of the Insurrection in Wexford, a.d. 1798, by Edward Hay , Esq.
t Mr. Edward Fitzgerald of Newpark. He “ was a man of independent fortune and had received a good education.” — ' Sir Richard Musgrave.
“ On Saturday the 26th [May, 1798] B. B. Harvey, a
CAI>TA1N JOHN O NEILL.
among them Captain John O’Neill. The latter i798. I found entitled to the name of Captain, but it
gentleman of large fortune and respectability in the county [of Wexford], Edward Fitzgerald of Newpark, and John Colclough of Ballyteigue, were arrested by an order from the Government, and lodged in Wexford gaol, and now began the devastation which this country never before experienced.”
— Taylor s History of the Rebellion in Wexford.
In consequence of charges made by Mr. Anthony Perry of Inch, “Mr. James Boyd arrested at day-break, on Whit- sunday, Edward Fitzgerald of Newpark, eight miles from Wexford, and lodged him in the county gaol.
“ When Mr. Boyd first appeared, Fitzgerald laid his hand on his breast, and made the most solemn assurance of un- feigned loyalty ; yet a great quantity of pikes were found in his parlour ready mounted and fit for service. Edward Hay slept in the same bed-chamber with him.” — Musgrave.
Mr. Hay, who has appended to his “ History of the Insur- rection in Wexford,” an “ Authentic detail of the extravagant and inconsistent conduct of Sir Richard Musgrave, Bart, with a full refutation of his slander against Edward Hay,” relates the particulars of the arrest of Mr. Fitzgerald thus : —
“ I had remained there [at Newpark] that night, and was alarmed and roused from my bed by a loud rapping at the door about midnight, whieh I soon discovered to be the party before-mentioned (of the Wexford cavalry, headed by Mr. Percival the Pfigh Sheriff, and Captain Boyd) who came to arrest Mr. Fitzgerald. I requested permission to accom- pany my friend, which was granted ; but as these gentlemen refused taking the pikes and other arms that had been sur- rendered at the place the day before to Mr. Turner, and had remained there, I despatched a messenger to him with the
5G
CAPTAIN JOHN o’ NEILL.
1798. was of a band of robbers; he was destitute of every quality necessary fora military command ;
intelligence of what had happened, before we set out with this escort, which met with no other delay, but while they chose to continue rummaging Mr. Fitzgerald’s papers, among which, by the bye, they could discover nothing that could in the remotest degree criminate him. We arrived a little after day-light in Wexford, where Mr. Fitzgerald was lodged in the gaol.”
Sir Richard Musgrave asserts, that after Mr. Fitzgerald’s arrest “he affected many delays in hopes of being rescued by the rebels who had risen, and were approaching his house in great numbers ; but Mr. Boyd compelled him, by menaces, to set out for Wexford.
“ On the same day,” continues Musgrave, “ Mr. Boyd arrested and committed Mr. John Colclough of Ballyteigue, in the barony of Firth, eleven miles from Wexford. They were all bailed the day before the evacuation of the town ; but it was at the same time agreed that one of them should remain in prison as a hostage for the rest, and that fell to the lot of Mr. Harvey.”
After the evacuation of Enniscorthy, (28th May, 1798,) “ Messrs. Fitzgerald and Colclough were taken out of the gaol, and dispatched to Enniscorthy, to dissuade the rebels from their proceedings and to preserve the lives of the Protestants. Nothing could exceed the joy of the insurgents at their arrival, and Fitzgerald was styled by them Lord Edward Fitzgerald. Colclough finding his persuasions inef- fectual, retired with the intention of re-entering his prison, but Fitzgerald accepted a command in the rebel army. Father John Murphy now marshalled his men, and led them up to Vinegar Hill, which rises in the form of a cone, and
ANTHONY PERRY.
57
lie had no military economy. We were also joined by Captain Perry,* a most respectable
commands a view of the town,'’ &c. — Taylors History of the Rebellion in Wexford.
Mr. Fitzgerald ultimately surrendered himself upon terms, and was committed to Dublin castle. See preceding note, p. 54.
* “The gallant Perry, whose extraordinary campaign evinced a military science which would not have dishonoured a more experienced veteran in arms, might have remained to this hour the tranquil proprietor of his paternal domain, had not those monopolists of exclusive loyalty dared to impeach of disaffection a heart that was the generous seat of every manly virtue. Perry was a Protestant gentleman of independent fortune, liberal education, and benevolent mind, and nurtured in the very principles which placed the family of the present Monarch on the British throne ; and yet, in those days of licensed outrage, he experienced every indignity which low and vulgar brutality was permitted with impunity to inflict. He was arrested on suspicion, personally abused, dragged like a felon to the common guard-house, his hair was closely cropped, and his head rubbed with moistened gunpowder, to which a lighted match was applied, for the amusement of a military rabble.” — Teeling's Personal Narrative of the Rebellion of 1798.
“ A brief account of Anthony Perry, one of the rebel generals above-mentioned, may serve to shew what difficulty a man may find who endeavours to extricate himself from the effects of a conspiracy against Government, when he has once engaged in it. This gentleman, a man of amiable manners and a well-informed understanding, was yet weak enough to be seduced into the conspiracy, and having acted so as to cause much suspicion, was arrested and confined in
1798.
58
ANTHONY PERRY.
1798. gentleman of the county of Wexford, who was always ready to suppress improper conduct, and
Gorey, a little before the insurrection. He repented heartily of his misconduct, and gave information useful to Govern- ment. But such was the state of things that he was treated in prison with the utmost harshness and indig- nity. Among other acts of severity, a serjeant of the North Cork Militia, nicknamed from his habitual be- haviour ‘ Tom the Devii,’ cut away all his hair quite close to the head, and then burned all the roots of it with a candle. Being liberated by the Magistrates on the morning of the 28th May, he returned to his house, four miles from Gorey, where he hoped to be permited to remain — uncon- cerned for the future in plots and conspiracies. But he was soon followed by some yeomen who destroyed his effects, and obliged him to abscond for the preservation of his life. Finding no alternative, he disguised himself in the habit of a beggar, and thus crossing the country, he threw himself into the arms of the rebels.
“ In the course of the war he exerted himself to restrain the cruelty of his followers, and as he disapproved both of their cause and conduct, he was always meditating an elopement from them. In an attempt some time after the assault at Hacketstown, to penetrate into the Northern parts of the kingdom, where he hoped to abscond from the rebels, and conceal himself from the partisans of Government, he was taken and hanged at Edenderry, in the King’s County, a little before the end of the rebellion.” — Rev. James Gordon s History of the Rebellion in Ireland in 1798.
“ On Thursday the 24th May, Anthony Perry, a gentleman of easy fortune, and late a Lieutenant in the Coolgreny cavalry, was arrested and ’brought into Gorey.
ESMOND KYAN.
59
to prevent cruelty. With him was Esmond i798. Kyan,* another worthy Wexford gentleman.
“9th June. — The rebels marched for Arklow, 34,000 strong, with three pieces of cannon, under the command of Anthony Perry, Esmond Kyan being captain of Artillery.”
Taylor s History of the Rebellion in Wexford.
Perry, after being tried, by Court Martial, was hanged at Edenderry, on the 21st July, 1798. Soon after the 12th July, “Perry and Kearns,” says Musgrave, “made their escape into the King’s County, where attempting to cross a bog near Clonballogue, they were apprehended by Messrs. Robinson and Ridgeway of the Edenderry Yeomen, who conveyed them to that town, where they were tried and executed by martial law. Perry was cheerful and communi- cative, acknowledged the part he had taken in the rebellion, and seemed to glory in it. Kearns was sullen and silent, except when he upbraided Perry for his candour in frankly confessing his guilt.”
* “ Esmond Kyan, a rebel captain of Artillery, was the youngest son of the late Howard Kyan, of Mount Howard, in the county of Wexford, Esq., and his mother was aunt to the present Sir Thomas Esmond, Bart. He was about fifty years of age, five and a half feet high, and rather a handsome man. He had lost his left arm some years before by an accident, and a cork one was substituted in its stead. He was liberal, generous, brave and merciful ; and having received a severe wound in his left arm, above where the cork one joined, and being tired of a rebellious life he went to Wexford, shortly after the army took possession of the town, in order to surrender himself, but being met by the picquet guard, he was found guilty and hanged,” — Taylor s History of the Rebellion in Wexford.
60
SKIRMISHES.
1798. Many skirmishes occurred at this time between our people and the yeomanry, with various suc-
“ In the attack on Arklow,” says Taylor, “ Serjeant Shepherd of the Royal Irish Artillery, (who was taken prisoner at the Three Rocks) being obliged to manage the [rebels’] cannon, elevated them so high, that the balls went over it ; and once having loaded with grape, he turned the gun a little on one side, and swept away about thirty of the rebels. Dick Monk observing this transaction, galloped up and would have killed him, had not Esmond Kyan resolutely in- terposed, insisting that it was the army cannon which had done the execution. Kyan having ordered Sergeant Shepherd to load with round shot and demolish the town, rode elsewhere, but Shepherd, watching his opportunity, loaded again with grape, knowing it could do no injury ; and this he did as fast as pos- sible during Kyan’s absence, that he might waste the ammuni- tion. Dick Monk and John Hay being fully convinced that all was not right, now watched the execution of their cannon, and finding that Shepherd was not favouring their cause while loading with grape, obliged him to load with round shot, but the balls flew a mile beyond the town ; on which Kyan levelled the cannon himself, and one of them in such a direction, that the ball smashed the carriage of one of the Durham guns to shivers, and another struck the top of the inn.”
‘‘ Esmond Kyan,” says Hay, “ who had been wounded in the shoulder at the battle of Arklow [9th June 1798], lay in the most excruciating torture at a house at Ferry-bank, on the country side of the wooden bridge [of Wexford] but on hearing what was going forward [piking the Protestant prisoners on the bridge] he instantly got out of bed, ran to the fatal spot, and by his animated conduct and address, rescued Mr. Newton
COUNCIL OF WAR.
Gl
cess ; wc generally had the best of it. Return- ing from breakfasting with Father Donelan, the priest of Black Ditches, where a council of war was held on the propriety of our moving into the county of Wexford, I saw a large body of my men collected together in a circle. I hastened to the spot, and rushed into the middle of them, where I found a young man on his knees. I asked his name, which he said was Pilsworth, and that he was servant to a clerk in the Ord- nance. He was naked, and the monster John O’Neill said he was a traitor, and was about to pike him. The poor lad gave me a piteous look.
King, and Captain Milward of the Wexford militia [by whom the Editor has heard the circumstance related], with some others, from the fury of the populace.”
“ Mr. E. Kyan, whose courage and humanity deserved a better fate,” continues Mr. Hay in his History of the Insur- rection in Wexford, “ was taken near Wexford on his return home in the night, tried, condemned and executed the next day ; for although manifest proofs appeared of his humanity and interference, so conspicuously effectual on the bridge of Wexford on the 20th of June, yet this was insufficient to save him, as he had arms about him when apprehended. His fate is the more lamentable, as Mr. Fitzgerald, on surrender- ing to General Dundas, had secured the same terms for Mr. Kyan as for himself ; so that had any circumstance interfered to delay his execution for some time, the life of a brave man would have been saved.”
170B.
62
C ONDUCT TO PILSWORTH A PRISONER.
1/98. which I shall never forget. I made the men stand by, and told him to get up.
“ Now,” said I, “ Captain O’Neill, what proof have you to allege that this young man was ever sworn, and that he is a traitor ?”
O’Neill handed me a letter which was found upon him, saying, "‘That is proof enough.”
I took the letter, and having read it, observed that the man had nothing to say to the letter beyond being the bearer of it, ‘^Did he fire upon you ?”
“No, he was without arms.”
I felt very indignant at this fellow’s inhumanity and thirst for blood, and told him there was no evidence of a cowardly heart so strong as cruelty to the unarmed and defenceless; and concluded with saying, that had he shed this young man’s blood, he should have been tried for wilful mur- der, and certainly punished.
I then desired Pilsworth to cease his fears, he should suffer no harm. But I called on him to tell me the whole of the business that brought him where he was taken, which he did in the following words : —
“ Sir, I am a servant, and was sent by my master with that letter, the import of which I did not of course know. I was observed by that
CONUUC r TO IMLSWORTH A PRISON RU.
man (pointing to Neill), who stopped me and robbed me of my watch and five guineas, and then brought me here, -and but for your in- terference, would have, I believe, murdered me.”
Neill insisted that the prisoner was an Orange- man, but when called on to produce proof of his assertion he had none, and shortly after sneaked away like a thieving vagabond as. he was. He did not cease to be a robber and murderer, and his death was a singular visitation of the Almighty upon him for his cruelty. He was choaked on the Curragh of Kildare, by a bit of meat which stuck in his throat ; it could not be forced up or down, and thus ended Captain O’Neill, a fellow who was a disgrace to our cause and humanity.
I gave Pilsworth into. the charge of William Lannin, a well conducted and good man. This young man still survives, and lives in Francis Street.
From Black Ditches* we marched to Holly- wood Glen and Donard, passing tlie ruins of several houses which had been burned. I called
* A village near Blessington, between that town and the Wicklow mountains. This neighbourhood was the scene of various operations of the insurgents, and a position particu- larly favourable to their security against cavalry. The name
Gd
1798.
VISIT TO THE HOUSE OF MR. HYNES.
at the house of Mr. Hynes, a Justice of the Peace, whom I had known and respected many years, and who assisted me in the apprehension of Rogers, the robber mentioned in the early part of this memoir ; after which, Mr. Hynes had always been kind and civil to me at the Assizes and Sessions at Wicklow, and wherever he had an opportunity. I advanced to the door with a few men, leaving the bulk of my party at a dis- tance in the road. Two female servants came to the door and said Mr. Hynes was from home. I told them they had nothing to fear; no injury should be done to Mr. Hynes’s property, for he was a good man and kind to all, and in grati- tude for his benevolence I would protect his house. Some of my unruly rascals began to break the windows, but I soon put an end to that, by drawing my sword, and standing on the steps of the door, I declared that any man who committed the slightest injury should certainly die by my hand. This had a good
of Black Ditches is highly descriptive of the sombre turf banks of the district. A Wicklow man means by “ a ditch” a bank. The English “ Ditch” in Wicklow is rendered by ‘‘ a Gripe.'' In the brains of an Irishman the terms “ Hedge and Ditch,” are conglomerated in as indefinite a manner as the words “ shall and will.”
I* HOC Ki: DINGS OF TH F KFKKLS.
effect, not only at the moment, for the boys found me out, and did not afterwards venture to disobey my orders. I requested the servants to bring us some refreshment. A bottle of wine was produced, which I divided with Captain Perry and Garrett Byrne, and some whiskey was given to the men, after which we marched on.
A man was found hiding in a potatoe garden and was brought to the party: they made short work with him ; he was tried and shot in a field adjoining, on the left side of the road lead- ing from Donard, at the end of a cabin. I was not at his trial; it was short, and pro- bably a very unjust one. His hiding was considered evidence enough of being guilty of Orangeism. 1 never approved of these atrocities, and did what I could to prevent them, but Edward Roche* at this time was
* Edward Roche of Garrylough, who had been permanent Serjeant of the Shelmalier cavalry, deserted to the rebels on the morning of Whitsunday, 27th May, 1798, with twenty out of twenty-four Papists who were in the troop, and the rebels on that day to the amount of several thousands moved in two divisions, one headed by Roche, the other by Father Murphy, burning the houses of the loyalists between Oulard and Wexford. He “ had been a middling farmer and maltster near Wexford, and until this time never appeared in any conspicuous character except that he was permanent
b5
1798.
VOL. I.
F
6G
EDWARD ROCHE.
1708. the General of the rebels, and gave orders, which I possessed no power to countermand, and indeed was bound to obey. I had nine hundred and sixty men, all Wicklow men, under my command at this period ; I, therefore, assumed the title of Colonel.
We then marched to Ballymanus, the estate
Serjeant of tlie Shelmalier yeoman cavalry, commanded by Captain Le Hunte. He was alout five feet seven inches high, rather corpulent, and about forty years old.” — Taylor.
“ He wore common coloured clothes, viz. a snufF-coloured coat, black waistcoat, corduroy small clothes, and a round hat; but for distinction he had two most enormous gold epaulets, and a silk sash and belt, in which he carried a large pair of horse pistols;^ and he wore a sword by his side.” — Jackson s Narrative.
At a meeting of the rebel chiefs, held at Carrickbyrne Camp, on the 1st June, 1798, after unanimously electing Beauchamp Bagenal Harvey to be the Commander-in-Chief of the United Army of Wexford, “It was likewise agreed that Edward Roche, should from and after the first day of- June instant, be elected, and is hereby elected a general officer of the United Army of the county of Wexford.” Harvey appears to have been deposed from his military com- mand on the 8th of Juno.
After taking the command at Vinegar Hill, Roche issued the following proclamation, v/hich was printed, and circulated through the country; —
“ Dear Fellow-citizens,
“ The world with astonishment beholds, and future ajjes will record, the wonderful and brilliant victories achieved
JUNCTION WITH THE REIiEL ARMY.
07
of Garret Byrne, where we joined the army under General Roche, and received regular orders. I was appointed to look to the night guards, and to station the picquets at the ad- vanced posts, which having fixed to my satis- faction, and given them their orders how to act in case of attack, or the advance of any persons
by men almost wholly unacquainted with military tactics, and hardly able to find men to lead them on to conquer. But what force is there can withstand the arms of citizens fighting for liberty! — You see that by our exertions, almost the whole country is in our possession; but a few more struggles and the day is our own. Your brethren in different parts of the kingdom have only been waiting for the signal, and you will see them flocking to the standard of liberty by thousands. Unanimity is what I have chiefly to recommend to you, with subordination and steady obedience to the com- mands of your officers, by which means you will insure success, and soon will see the downfall of that government which has long been tottering under the weight of its own crimes and enormities, under the torture and burthen of which you have so long groaned ; but at the same time let me beg of you to be particular in your conduct towards your prisoners; remember numbers whom you have in your possession may not be guilty through principle, but through necessity; remember they may have been forced to appear against us, for the sake of getting their bread, when their hearts have been with us; remember that this is not a war for religion but for liberty, that there are a great number of men who are Protestants who wish well to the cause in which we are engaged. Let the speech of the Protestant Bishop of
F 2
1798.
G8
RELEASE OF PILSWORTH.
1798. whatever, I thought it a good opportunity to release Pilsworth, the prisoner. I sent for him, ,and after some conversation, I found he was still apprehensive of danger, but I desired him to trust in God, who always befriended the innocent and would protect him. 1 wrote a pass for him, gave him money to pay his way
Down in the Irish House of Lords, when the famous Roman Catholic Bill was sent in, never be forgotten, but sink deep in all your hearts, &c. (Signed) “ Edward Roche,
“ General of the United Army of the County of Wexford, fighting in the cause of liberty.
“ Vinegar Hill Camp.”
The day previous to the battle of Vinegar Hill, General Roche appears to have exerted himself at Wexford to bring up the rebel forces to this point, and as far as was in his power to have restrained the murderous hands of his brother- in-law Thomas Dixon. [See note, p. 72.]
After the defeat experienced by the rebels at Vinegar Hill, on the 21st June, Edward Roche did not take a very active part in the insurrection. His brother, Philip Roche, a Roman Catholic priest, was tried and executed with the rebel Keugh at Wexford on the 25th June. On the surrender of Edward Roche, in December, 1799, he was tried by a court martial in Wexford, on the charge of aiding and abetting the murders on the bridge on the 20th June, 1798.” “ But,”
says Hay, in rather an obscure vindication, “his humane exertions appeared so meritorious before that tribunal, that he was acquitted of this charge, which could not possibly be, as he possessed command, had it not been perfectly proved.
RKIiELS TAKE U I* A POSITION.
(>y
to Dublin, and then sent William Lannin and hob. another man to conduct him safely past the out- posts. I took my leave and wished him a safe journey.^
The next day we learned that the enemy was in full march from Rathdrum in quest of us, on which we moved slowly to Redena Hill, where we took up a position, and shortly after the enemy appeared over Aughrim. With my glass I could form, a pretty correct notion of their
tliat such command was merely nominal, as his orders and endeavours were counteracted by persons having no com- mand whatever, but what arose from inflammatory addresses to the populace, urging them to take exemplary vengeance of their enemies, in which they were unfortunately but too suc- cessful.”
. Edward Roche, according to Taylor, appeared at his trial in ordinary clothes, with “ two large gold epaulets and a silk sash and belt.” He was sentenced to transportation, and, adds Taylor, “ was accordingly sent to Newgate in Dublin with other convicts ; but before the vessel was ready to convey them to their destination, he, with some others, died suddenly; and it was thought they had taken poison.”
* In Holt’s original manuscript, the following observation occurs: — “1 never heard more of him till I was a State prisoner in the Castle of Dublin, and said John O’Neill taken ; the same young man (Pilsworth) was sent for to identify him, and state what he knew concerning Neill, and in presence of Major Sirr, he stated verbatim what I have related concerning him.”
i
70 INDECISION OF EDWARD ROCHE.
1798. numbers, which did not exceed two hundred men. I asked the General what he thought of doing, as no time was to be lost in making our dispositions either for attack or defence. He said they had two field-pieces, which would play heavily upon us. I replied, that, if with eleven thousand men we were to be afraid of two hundred, we had better give up the business at once. We never could expect a victory, and dur fate would be to be driven like grouse from hill to hill. I offered with my regiment to take the front, and lead the attack, and that the General should form the army into two bodies to support me in case of necessity.
Roche wavered and was evidently unequal to his task, if not a coward. He was ignorant of all idea of military movements. Ammunition, was said to be scarce, and a hundred reasons were given to prevent fighting. Seeing that he had no wish to fight, I got angry, and told him and those who sided with him, that ‘‘cowardice always made ammunition scarce.” Madge Dixon,* a woman of great bravery, abused Roche
* The wife of Thomas Dixon, a rebel Captain, compared by Gordon to Robespierre; and Madge Dixon, “if possible, was more sanguinary than himself,’’ to use the words of Taylor.
MADGE DIXON.
?1
to his face, called him a coward, and offered to lead a party against the enemy.
She was the sister of the rebel General Roche, and married Dixon the son of a publican in Castlebridge near Wexford.” Thomas Dixon had been “ bound as an apprentice to a tan- ner in New Ross, but not liking that business, he went to sea, and in some time was appointed master of one of his brother’s vessels, who was an opulent merchant in Castlebridge. Dur- ing the rebellion he was noted for cruelty and cowardice, and had been the means of shedding torrents of Protestant blood.” — Taylor s History of the Rebellion in Wexford.
Jackson relates that Mrs. Dixon proceeded to Artramont, the seat of Colonel Le Hunte on the Slaney, about four miles from Wexford, where she went into the drawing-room, in which there happened to be orange furniture, and two orange fire screens, painted with emblematic figures. She imme- diately spread the alarm, that she had at last discovered where the Orangemen held their lodge, and had actually found their colours. The figure of Hope leaning upon an anchor, she said, signified their intention of burning the sailors on red-hot anchors; Vulcan and the Cyclops showed the manner in which little children were to be burned; and Justice with her eyes blindfolded, was to signify, that before they were burned, their eyes would be put out. This strange explanation spread like wildfire, and in a short time the whole of the town of Wexford [then in possession of the rebels] was alarmed, and the people went out in a body to meet Mrs. Dixon, who came riding upon a horse with the two fire screens borne before her. In this form, the mob roaring and shouting in the most horrid manner, they pro- ceeded to Mrs. Parker’s, where Colonel Le Hunte resided; they instantly seized and dragged him into the street, and a
1790.
INDECISION OF EDWARD ROCHE.
P8i There was no time for humbugging. I found the General would give no orders, or did not
thousand voices at once cried out to have his blood. At this critical moment Father Broe, a Roman Catholic priest, appeared, and forcing his way through the crowd, came up to the Colonel, and declared to those nearest him, that he should not be put to death, till he had been taken to the gaol and tried. To this, by the most strenuous exertions, he at last prevailed upon them to consent.”
During the scene of confusion which took place in Wex- ford on the 21st June, when a few loyalists entered the town, and created a panic which made the rebels fly in all direc- tions, the sanguinary Dixon, who acted as master of the ceremonies in the horrid butcheries which had been com- mitted in Wexford, and whose love for human blood and torture seems never to have been sufficiently satiated, “ rode through the streets, with a broadsword drawn, and upbraided the rebels for their timidity and their dilatoriness; and said, ‘ if you had followed my advice in putting all the hereticks to death three or four days ago, it would not have come to this pass.’ ” Mrs. Dixon, who, like her husband, revelled in the dreadful scenes of carnage over which he pre- sided, and who more than once .waded ankle deep in human gore, ‘‘ accompanied him on horseback,” on this occasion, according to Musgrave, ‘‘ with a sword and a case of pistols; clapped the rebels on the back and encouraged them, by saying, ‘ We must conquer,’ and she exclaimed repeatedly, ‘ My Saviour tells me we must conquer!’
“They repaired to the bridge to stop the retreat of the rebels, but in vain, though Mrs. Dixon drew a pistol and swore vehemently that she would shoot anyone of them who would refuse to return with her to put the remainder of the
HOLT ATTACKS THE KOYAL TROOPS.
73
know how to conduct us, and that if we waited for him we should soon be dispersed. I ordered my own men to prepare for .battle, and the green flag of Wicklow was unfurled, on which I declared that 1 hoped to have the field-pieces, with their ammunition. We advanced upon the enemy, determined to attack them. They fired two shells at us, which did not fall within one hundred and fifty perches of us. We then proceeded towards them, and but for the mis- conduct of Garrett Byrne, I think we should have cut them off. But he did not advance across the hill with the quickness I had directed, and the enemy got safe through a pass where we might have destroyed them. Their trumpet sounded a retreat, and off they went.
The people were dissatisfied with the conduct of our General, and he lost their confidence. Some openly accused him of cowardice, others
hereticks to death. They endeavoured to raise the portcullis of the bridge to prevent their retreat, but were unable to do so.” — Musgrave,
Taylor concludes his account of Dixon and his wife, by stating, that wherever they secreted themselves, they never could be found, though a large reward was offered for their apprehension.”
1798.
74
CONDUCT OF EDWARD ROCHE.
1798. defended him, but the difference of opinion produced a strong indisposition to follow him in future, which -was soon indicated by decided marks of insubordination. A man named John Arundel, belonging to my regiment, was the same evening ordered by the General to be placed on a certain duty. He remonstrated, saying he had been on guard all night, and thought the orders should have come through his commander, Colonel Holt, to whose corps he belonged, and who knew best what men had been on duty, and whose turn it was to take the guard. General Roche drew a pistol from his belt, and discharged it at the man’s head ; the ball passed through the crown of his hat, but did him no injury.
One Cullen, my standard bearer, told me of this business, and I immediately went to the General and found him sitting with Garrett Byrne, Captain Perry, and Colonel Fitzgerald. They requested me to sit down, but I de- clined, and then declared the object of my visit was to demand satisfaction for an out- rage committed by General Roche, who inter- fered with my command, by giving orders to my people without passing them in the re-
HOLT CHALLENGES EDWARD ROCHE.
75
gular way through me, and then fired a ball through the crown of Arundel’s hat, which I considered an insult to myself, arid would not submit to. I was ready to obey him as my commander, but would not submit to insult, or suffer my men to be assassinated, or even pun- ished without due examination and trial. The General, at first, affected to deny the charge, but I had the man to prove it; and I de- manded satisfaction by an exchange of shots, which he declined. The gentlemen present interfered, and begged me to be reconciled ; this I refused, and retired from them, and kept my own men separate from the rest of the army. This conduct made me popular with my people, who finding I was steady in protecting them, declared their determination to obey no other commander.
The next morning we marched to Wicklow Gap, and from thence to Moneyseed, where we halted. We were much in need of refresh- ment, and sudden death awaited the poultry ; as we went along old and young suifered a common fate; they were plucked as we marched, and the leeward side of our line of march was marked by the feathers of the unfortunate
1798.
7G
HOLT TAKES THE COMMAND.
1798. cocks and hens, turkeys, geese, ducks, and chickens. The Wexford people were very kind and civil to us, and supplied us with every thing we stood in need of. One young man came to invite me to the house of Knox Grogan, Esq.* where I was sumptuously enter- tained, and was enjoying myself with mulled wine and other delicacies, when one of my men came to me with orders from General Roche, to attend him immediately.
I was soon at his tent; he told me the enemy were approaching, and he wished me to take the command for the day. My answer was, “ General, 1 shall endeavour to do my duty, and I hope the Almighty will give me strength and ability, to direct the movements of the army so as to secure a favourable result.”
30th June. I Ordered all the officers to be at the head
Captain Knox Grogan, or Grogan Knox,